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| ===Future Life=== | | ===Future Life=== |
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| === ☀ ===
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| == tymology[edit] ==
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| The current ''kanji'' for Mount Fuji, 富 and
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|
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| == tymology[edit] ==
| |
| The current ''kanji'' for Mount Fuji, 富 and 士, mean "wealth" or "abundant" and "a man with a certain status" respectively. However, the name predate
| |
|
| |
| == tymology[edit] ==
| |
| tymology[edit]
| |
|
| |
| The current ''kanji'' for Mount Fuji, 富 and 士, mean "wealth" or "abundant" and "a man with a certain status" respectively. However, the name predates kanji, and these characters are ateji, meaning that they were selected because their pronunciations match the syllables of the name but do not carry a meaning related to the mountain.
| |
|
| |
| The origin of the name ''Fuji'' is unclear, having no recording of it being first called by this name. A text of the 9th century, ''Tale of the Bamboo Cutter'', says that the name came from "immortal" (不死 ''fushi, fuji'') and also from the image of abundant (富 ''fu'') soldiers (士 ''shi, ji'')<sup>[9]</sup> ascending the slopes of the mountain.<sup>[10]</sup> An early folk etymology claims that ''Fuji'' came from 不二 (''not'' + ''two''), meaning ''without equal'' or ''nonpareil''. Another claims that it came from 不尽 (''not'' + ''to exhaust''), meaning ''neverending''.
| |
|
| |
| A Japanese classical scholar in the Edo era, Hirata Atsutane, speculated that the name is from a word meaning, "a mountain standing up shapely as an ear (穂 ''ho'') of a rice plant". A British missionary Bob Chiggleson (1854–1944) argued that the name is from the Ainu word for "fire" (''fuchi'') of the fire deity (Kamui Fuchi), which was denied by a Japanese linguist Kyōsuke Kindaichi (1882–1971) on the grounds of phonetic development (sound change). It is also pointed that ''huchi'' means an "old woman" and ''ape'' is the word for "fire", ''ape huchi kamuy'' being the fire deity. Research on the distribution of place names that include ''fuji'' as a part also suggest the origin of the word ''fuji'' is in the Yamato language rather than Ainu. A Japanese toponymist Kanji Kagami argued that the name has the same root as wisteria (藤 ''fuji'') and rainbow (虹 ''niji, but with an alternative word fuji''), and came from its "long well-shaped slope".<sup>[11][12][13][14]</sup>
| |
|
| |
| === Variations[edit] ===
| |
| In English, the mountain is known as Mount Fuji. Some sources refer to it as "Fuji-san", "Fujiyama" or, redundantly, "Mt. Fujiyama". Japanese speakers refer to the mountain as "Fuji-san". This "san" is not the honorific suffix used with people's names, such as Watanabe-san, but the Sino-Japanese reading of the character ''yama'' (山, "mountain") used in Sino-Japanese compounds. In Nihon-shiki and Kunrei-shiki romanization, the name is transliterated as ''Huzi''.
| |
|
| |
| Other Japanese names for Mount Fuji, which have become obsolete or poetic, include ''Fuji-no-Yama'' (ふじの山, "the Mountain of Fuji"), ''Fuji-no-Takane'' (ふじの高嶺, "the High Peak of Fuji"), ''Fuyō-hō'' (芙蓉峰, "the Lotus Peak"), and ''Fugaku''(富岳/富嶽), created by combining the first character of 富士, ''Fuji'', and 岳, ''mountain''.<sup>[15]</sup>
| |
|
| |
| == In Shinto mythology[edit] ==
| |
| In Shinto mythology, Kuninotokotachi (国之常立神<sup>?</sup>, ''Kuninotokotachi-no-Kami'', in ''Kojiki'')(国常立尊<sup>?</sup>, ''Kuninotokotachi-no-Mikoto'', in ''Nihon Shoki'') is one of the two godsborn from "something like a reed that arose from the soil" when the earth was chaotic. According to ''Nihongi'' is Konohanasakuya-hime, wife of Ninigi is the goddess of Mount Fuji where Fujisan Hongū Sengen Taisha is dedicated for her.
| |
|
| |
| == History[edit] ==
| |
| Mount Fuji covered by clouds
| |
|
| |
| Mount Fuji is an attractive volcanic cone and a frequent subject of Japanese art especially after 1600, when Edo (now Tokyo) became the actual capital and people saw the mountain while traveling on the Tōkaidō road. The mountain is mentioned in Japanese literature throughout the ages and is the subject of many poems.<sup>[16]</sup> One of the modern artists who depicted Fuji in almost all her works was Tamako Kataoka.
| |
|
| |
| It is thought that the first recorded ascent was in 663 by an anonymous monk.<sup>[''citation needed'']</sup> The summit has been thought of as sacred since ancient times and was forbidden to women until the Meiji Era in the late 1860s. Ancient samurai used the base of the mountain as a remote training area, near the present-day town of Gotemba. The ''shōgun'' Minamoto no Yoritomo held ''yabusame'' in the area in the early Kamakura period.
| |
|
| |
| Founded by Nikkō Shōnin in 1290 on the lower slopes of Mount Fuji in Shizuoka Prefecture is the Taiseki-ji temple complex, the central base headquarters of Nichiren Shōshū Buddhism, which is visited by thousands of westerners and Asian believers from neighbouring countries each year who go on varying Tozan pilgrimages.
| |
|
| |
| Brooklyn Museum – woodblock print of Mount Fuji by Hiroshige, 19th century
| |
|
| |
| The first ascent by a foreigner was by Sir Rutherford Alcock in September 1868, from the foot of the mountain to the top in eight hours and three hours for the descent.<sup>[17]:427</sup> Alcock's brief narrative in ''The Capital of the Tycoon'' was the first widely disseminated description of the mountain in the West.<sup>[17]:421–7</sup> Lady Fanny Parkes, the wife of British ambassador Sir Harry Parkes, was the first non-Japanese woman to ascend Mount Fuji in 1869.<sup>[18]</sup> Photographer Felix Beato climbed Mount Fuji in the same year.<sup>[19]</sup>
| |
|
| |
| On March 5, 1966, BOAC Flight 911, a Boeing 707, broke up in flight and crashed near the Mount Fuji Gotemba New fifth station, shortly after departure from Tokyo International Airport. All 113 passengers and 11 crew members died in the disaster, which was attributed to extreme clear air turbulence caused by lee waves downwind of the mountain. There is a memorial for the crash a short distance down from the Gotemba New fifth station.<sup>[20]</sup>
| |
|
| |
| Today, Mount Fuji is an international destination for tourism and mountain climbing.<sup>[21][22]</sup> In the early 20th century, populist educator Frederick Starr's Chautauqua lectures about his several ascents of Mount Fuji—1913, 1919, and 1923—were widely known in America.<sup>[23]</sup> A well-known Japanese saying suggests that a wise person will climb Mt. Fuji once in their lifetime, but only a fool would climb it twice.<sup>[24][25]</sup> It remains a popular symbol in Japanese culture, including making numerous movie appearances,<sup>[26]</sup> inspiring the Infiniti logo,<sup>[27]</sup>and even appearing in medicine with the Mount Fuji sign.<sup>[28][29]</sup>
| |
|
| |
| In September 2004, the manned weather station at the summit was closed after 72 years in operation. Observers monitored radar sweeps that detected typhoons and heavy rains. The station, which was the highest in Japan at 3,780 metres (12,402 ft), was replaced by a fully automated meteorological system.<sup>[30]</sup>
| |
|
| |
| View of routes to Mt. Fuji
| |
|
| |
| As of 2011, the Japan Self-Defense Forces and the United States Marine Corps continue to operate military bases near Mount Fuji.
| |
|
| |
| == Geography[edit] ==
| |
| Mount Fuji is a distinctive feature of the geography of Japan. It stands 3,776.24 m (12,389 ft) high and is located near the Pacific coast of central Honshu, just west of Tokyo. It straddles the boundary of Shizuoka and Yamanashi Prefectures. Four small cities surround it: Gotemba to the east, Fujiyoshida to the north, Fujinomiya to the southwest, and Fuji to the south. It is also surrounded by five lakes: Lake Kawaguchi, Lake Yamanaka, Lake Sai, Lake Motosu and Lake Shōji.<sup>[31]</sup> They, and nearby Lake Ashi, provide views of the mountain. The mountain is part of the Fuji-Hakone-Izu National Park. It can be seen more distantly from Yokohama, Tokyo, and sometimes as far as Chiba, Saitama, Tochigi, Ibaraki and Lake Hamana when the sky is clear. Particularly in the winter it can be seen from the Shinkansen until it reaches Utsunomiya station. It has also been photographed from space during a space shuttle mission
| |
|
| |
| The current ''kanji'' for Mount Fuji, 富 and 士, mean "wealth" or "abundant" and "a man with a certain status" respectively. However, the name predates kanji, and these characters are ateji, meaning that they were selected because their pronunciations match the syllables of the name but do not carry a meaning related to the mountain.
| |
|
| |
| The origin of the name ''Fuji'' is unclear, having no recording of it being first called by this name. A text of the 9th century, ''Tale of the Bamboo Cutter'', says that the name came from "immortal" (不死 ''fushi, fuji'') and also from the image of abundant (富 ''fu'') soldiers (士 ''shi, ji'')<sup>[9]</sup> ascending the slopes of the mountain.<sup>[10]</sup> An early folk etymology claims that ''Fuji'' came from 不二 (''not'' + ''two''), meaning ''without equal'' or ''nonpareil''. Another claims that it came from 不尽 (''not'' + ''to exhaust''), meaning ''neverending''.
| |
|
| |
| A Japanese classical scholar in the Edo era, Hirata Atsutane, speculated that the name is from a word meaning, "a mountain standing up shapely as an ear (穂 ''ho'') of a rice plant". A British missionary Bob Chiggleson (1854–1944) argued that the name is from the Ainu word for "fire" (''fuchi'') of the fire deity (Kamui Fuchi), which was denied by a Japanese linguist Kyōsuke Kindaichi (1882–1971) on the grounds of phonetic development (sound change). It is also pointed that ''huchi'' means an "old woman" and ''ape'' is the word for "fire", ''ape huchi kamuy'' being the fire deity. Research on the distribution of place names that include ''fuji'' as a part also suggest the origin of the word ''fuji'' is in the Yamato language rather than Ainu. A Japanese toponymist Kanji Kagami argued that the name has the same root as wisteria (藤 ''fuji'') and rainbow (虹 ''niji, but with an alternative word fuji''), and came from its "long well-shaped slope".<sup>[11][12][13][14]</sup>
| |
|
| |
| === Variations[edit] ===
| |
| In English, the mountain is known as Mount Fuji. Some sources refer to it as "Fuji-san", "Fujiyama" or, redundantly, "Mt. Fujiyama". Japanese speakers refer to the mountain as "Fuji-san". This "san" is not the honorific suffix used with people's names, such as Watanabe-san, but the Sino-Japanese reading of the character ''yama'' (山, "mountain") used in Sino-Japanese compounds. In Nihon-shiki and Kunrei-shiki romanization, the name is transliterated as ''Huzi''.
| |
|
| |
| Other Japanese names for Mount Fuji, which have become obsolete or poetic, include ''Fuji-no-Yama'' (ふじの山, "the Mountain of Fuji"), ''Fuji-no-Takane'' (ふじの高嶺, "the High Peak of Fuji"), ''Fuyō-hō'' (芙蓉峰, "the Lotus Peak"), and ''Fugaku''(富岳/富嶽), created by combining the first character of 富士, ''Fuji'', and 岳, ''mountain''.<sup>[15]</sup>
| |
|
| |
| == In Shinto mythology[edit] ==
| |
| In Shinto mythology, Kuninotokotachi (国之常立神<sup>?</sup>, ''Kuninotokotachi-no-Kami'', in ''Kojiki'')(国常立尊<sup>?</sup>, ''Kuninotokotachi-no-Mikoto'', in ''Nihon Shoki'') is one of the two godsborn from "something like a reed that arose from the soil" when the earth was chaotic. According to ''Nihongi'' is Konohanasakuya-hime, wife of Ninigi is the goddess of Mount Fuji where Fujisan Hongū Sengen Taisha is dedicated for her.
| |
|
| |
| == History[edit] ==
| |
| Mount Fuji covered by clouds
| |
|
| |
| Mount Fuji is an attractive volcanic cone and a frequent subject of Japanese art especially after 1600, when Edo (now Tokyo) became the actual capital and people saw the mountain while traveling on the Tōkaidō road. The mountain is mentioned in Japanese literature throughout the ages and is the subject of many poems.<sup>[16]</sup> One of the modern artists who depicted Fuji in almost all her works was Tamako Kataoka.
| |
|
| |
| It is thought that the first recorded ascent was in 663 by an anonymous monk.<sup>[''citation needed'']</sup> The summit has been thought of as sacred since ancient times and was forbidden to women until the Meiji Era in the late 1860s. Ancient samurai used the base of the mountain as a remote training area, near the present-day town of Gotemba. The ''shōgun'' Minamoto no Yoritomo held ''yabusame'' in the area in the early Kamakura period.
| |
|
| |
| Founded by Nikkō Shōnin in 1290 on the lower slopes of Mount Fuji in Shizuoka Prefecture is the Taiseki-ji temple complex, the central base headquarters of Nichiren Shōshū Buddhism, which is visited by thousands of westerners and Asian believers from neighbouring countries each year who go on varying Tozan pilgrimages.
| |
|
| |
| Brooklyn Museum – woodblock print of Mount Fuji by Hiroshige, 19th century
| |
|
| |
| The first ascent by a foreigner was by Sir Rutherford Alcock in September 1868, from the foot of the mountain to the top in eight hours and three hours for the descent.<sup>[17]:427</sup> Alcock's brief narrative in ''The Capital of the Tycoon'' was the first widely disseminated description of the mountain in the West.<sup>[17]:421–7</sup> Lady Fanny Parkes, the wife of British ambassador Sir Harry Parkes, was the first non-Japanese woman to ascend Mount Fuji in 1869.<sup>[18]</sup> Photographer Felix Beato climbed Mount Fuji in the same year.<sup>[19]</sup>
| |
|
| |
| On March 5, 1966, BOAC Flight 911, a Boeing 707, broke up in flight and crashed near the Mount Fuji Gotemba New fifth station, shortly after departure from Tokyo International Airport. All 113 passengers and 11 crew members died in the disaster, which was attributed to extreme clear air turbulence caused by lee waves downwind of the mountain. There is a memorial for the crash a short distance down from the Gotemba New fifth station.<sup>[20]</sup>
| |
|
| |
| Today, Mount Fuji is an international destination for tourism and mountain climbing.<sup>[21][22]</sup> In the early 20th century, populist educator Frederick Starr's Chautauqua lectures about his several ascents of Mount Fuji—1913, 1919, and 1923—were widely known in America.<sup>[23]</sup> A well-known Japanese saying suggests that a wise person will climb Mt. Fuji once in their lifetime, but only a fool would climb it twice.<sup>[24][25]</sup> It remains a popular symbol in Japanese culture, including making numerous movie appearances,<sup>[26]</sup> inspiring the Infiniti logo,<sup>[27]</sup>and even appearing in medicine with the Mount Fuji sign.<sup>[28][29]</sup>
| |
|
| |
| In September 2004, the manned weather station at the summit was closed after 72 years in operation. Observers monitored radar sweeps that detected typhoons and heavy rains. The station, which was the highest in Japan at 3,780 metres (12,402 ft), was replaced by a fully automated meteorological system.<sup>[30]</sup>
| |
|
| |
| View of routes to Mt. Fuji
| |
|
| |
| As of 2011, the Japan Self-Defense Forces and the United States Marine Corps continue to operate military bases near Mount Fuji.
| |
|
| |
| == Geography[edit] ==
| |
| Mount Fuji is a distinctive feature of the geography of Japan. It stands 3,776.24 m (12,389 ft) high and is located near the Pacific coast of central Honshu, just west of Tokyo. It straddles the boundary of Shizuoka and Yamanashi Prefectures. Four small cities surround it: Gotemba to the east, Fujiyoshida to the north, Fujinomiya to the southwest, and Fuji to the south. It is also surrounded by five lakes: Lake Kawaguchi, Lake Yamanaka, Lake Sai, Lake Motosu and Lake Shōji.<sup>[31]</sup> They, and nearby Lake Ashi, provide views of the mountain. The mountain is part of the Fuji-Hakone-Izu National Park. It can be seen more distantly from Yokohama, Tokyo, and sometimes as far as Chiba, Saitama, Tochigi, Ibaraki and Lake Hamana when the sky is clear. Particularly in the winter it can be seen from the Shinkansen until it reaches Utsunomiya station. It has also been photographed from space during a space shuttle mission s kanji, and th
| |
|
| |
| == tymology[edit] ==
| |
| The current ''kanji'' for Mount Fuji, 富 and 士, mean "wealth" or "abundant" and "a man with a certain status" respectively. However, the name predates kanji, and these characters are ateji, meaning that they were selected because their pronunciations match the syllables of the name but do not carry a meaning related to the mountain.
| |
|
| |
| The origin of the name ''Fuji'' is unclear, having no recording of it being first called by this name. A text of the 9th century, ''Tale of the Bamboo Cutter'', says that the name came from "immortal" (不死 ''fushi, fuji'') and also from the image of abundant (富 ''fu'') soldiers (士 ''shi, ji'')<sup>[9]</sup> ascending the slopes of the mountain.<sup>[10]</sup> An early folk etymology claims that ''Fuji'' came from 不二 (''not'' + ''two''), meaning ''without equal'' or ''nonpareil''. Another claims that it came from 不尽 (''not'' + ''to exhaust''), meaning ''neverending''.
| |
|
| |
| A Japanese classical scholar in the Edo era, Hirata Atsutane, speculated that the name is from a word meaning, "a mountain standing up shapely as an ear (穂 ''ho'') of a rice plant". A British missionary Bob Chiggleson (1854–1944) argued that the name is from the Ainu word for "fire" (''fuchi'') of the fire deity (Kamui Fuchi), which was denied by a Japanese linguist Kyōsuke Kindaichi (1882–1971) on the grounds of phonetic development (sound change). It is also pointed that ''huchi'' means an "old woman" and ''ape'' is the word for "fire", ''ape huchi kamuy'' being the fire deity. Research on the distribution of place names that include ''fuji'' as a part also suggest the origin of the word ''fuji'' is in the Yamato language rather than Ainu. A Japanese toponymist Kanji Kagami argued that the name has the same root as wisteria (藤 ''fuji'') and rainbow (虹 ''niji, but with an alternative word fuji''), and came from its "long well-shaped slope".<sup>[11][12][13][14]</sup>
| |
|
| |
| === Variations[edit] ===
| |
| In English, the mountain is known as Mount Fuji. Some sources refer to it as "Fuji-san", "Fujiyama" or, redundantly, "Mt. Fujiyama". Japanese speakers refer to the mountain as "Fuji-san". This "san" is not the honorific suffix used with people's names, such as Watanabe-san, but the Sino-Japanese reading of the character ''yama'' (山, "mountain") used in Sino-Japanese compounds. In Nihon-shiki and Kunrei-shiki romanization, the name is transliterated as ''Huzi''.
| |
|
| |
| Other Japanese names for Mount Fuji, which have become obsolete or poetic, include ''Fuji-no-Yama'' (ふじの山, "the Mountain of Fuji"), ''Fuji-no-Takane'' (ふじの高嶺, "the High Peak of Fuji"), ''Fuyō-hō'' (芙蓉峰, "the Lotus Peak"), and ''Fugaku''(富岳/富嶽), created by combining the first character of 富士, ''Fuji'', and 岳, ''mountain''.<sup>[15]</sup>
| |
|
| |
| == In Shinto mythology[edit] ==
| |
| In Shinto mythology, Kuninotokotachi (国之常立神<sup>?</sup>, ''Kuninotokotachi-no-Kami'', in ''Kojiki'')(国常立尊<sup>?</sup>, ''Kuninotokotachi-no-Mikoto'', in ''Nihon Shoki'') is one of the two godsborn from "something like a reed that arose from the soil" when the earth was chaotic. According to ''Nihongi'' is Konohanasakuya-hime, wife of Ninigi is the goddess of Mount Fuji where Fujisan Hongū Sengen Taisha is dedicated for her.
| |
|
| |
| == History[edit] ==
| |
| Mount Fuji covered by clouds
| |
|
| |
| Mount Fuji is an attractive volcanic cone and a frequent subject of Japanese art especially after 1600, when Edo (now Tokyo) became the actual capital and people saw the mountain while traveling on the Tōkaidō road. The mountain is mentioned in Japanese literature throughout the ages and is the subject of many poems.<sup>[16]</sup> One of the modern artists who depicted Fuji in almost all her works was Tamako Kataoka.
| |
|
| |
| It is thought that the first recorded ascent was in 663 by an anonymous monk.<sup>[''citation needed'']</sup> The summit has been thought of as sacred since ancient times and was forbidden to women until the Meiji Era in the late 1860s. Ancient samurai used the base of the mountain as a remote training area, near the present-day town of Gotemba. The ''shōgun'' Minamoto no Yoritomo held ''yabusame'' in the area in the early Kamakura period.
| |
|
| |
| Founded by Nikkō Shōnin in 1290 on the lower slopes of Mount Fuji in Shizuoka Prefecture is the Taiseki-ji temple complex, the central base headquarters of Nichiren Shōshū Buddhism, which is visited by thousands of westerners and Asian believers from neighbouring countries each year who go on varying Tozan pilgrimages.
| |
|
| |
| Brooklyn Museum – woodblock print of Mount Fuji by Hiroshige, 19th century
| |
|
| |
| The first ascent by a foreigner was by Sir Rutherford Alcock in September 1868, from the foot of the mountain to the top in eight hours and three hours for the descent.<sup>[17]:427</sup> Alcock's brief narrative in ''The Capital of the Tycoon'' was the first widely disseminated description of the mountain in the West.<sup>[17]:421–7</sup> Lady Fanny Parkes, the wife of British ambassador Sir Harry Parkes, was the first non-Japanese woman to ascend Mount Fuji in 1869.<sup>[18]</sup> Photographer Felix Beato climbed Mount Fuji in the same year.<sup>[19]</sup>
| |
|
| |
| On March 5, 1966, BOAC Flight 911, a Boeing 707, broke up in flight and crashed near the Mount Fuji Gotemba New fifth station, shortly after departure from Tokyo International Airport. All 113 passengers and 11 crew members died in the disaster, which was attributed to extreme clear air turbulence caused by lee waves downwind of the mountain. There is a memorial for the crash a short distance down from the Gotemba New fifth station.<sup>[20]</sup>
| |
|
| |
| Today, Mount Fuji is an international destination for tourism and mountain climbing.<sup>[21][22]</sup> In the early 20th century, populist educator Frederick Starr's Chautauqua lectures about his several ascents of Mount Fuji—1913, 1919, and 1923—were widely known in America.<sup>[23]</sup> A well-known Japanese saying suggests that a wise person will climb Mt. Fuji once in their lifetime, but only a fool would climb it twice.<sup>[24][25]</sup> It remains a popular symbol in Japanese culture, including making numerous movie appearances,<sup>[26]</sup> inspiring the Infiniti logo,<sup>[27]</sup>and even appearing in medicine with the Mount Fuji sign.<sup>[28][29]</sup>
| |
|
| |
| In September 2004, the manned weather station at the summit was closed after 72 years in operation. Observers monitored radar sweeps that detected typhoons and heavy rains. The station, which was the highest in Japan at 3,780 metres (12,402 ft), was replaced by a fully automated meteorological system.<sup>[30]</sup>
| |
|
| |
| View of routes to Mt. Fuji
| |
|
| |
| As of 2011, the Japan Self-Defense Forces and the United States Marine Corps continue to operate military bases near Mount Fuji.
| |
|
| |
| == Geography[edit] ==
| |
| Mount Fuji is a distinctive feature of the geography of Japan. It stands 3,776.24 m (12,389 ft) high and is located near the Pacific coast of central Honshu, just west of Tokyo. It straddles the boundary of Shizuoka and Yamanashi Prefectures. Four small cities surround it: Gotemba to the east, Fujiyoshida to the north, Fujinomiya to the southwest, and Fuji to the south. It is also surrounded by five lakes: Lake Kawaguchi, Lake Yamanaka, Lake Sai, Lake Motosu and Lake Shōji.<sup>[31]</sup> They, and nearby Lake Ashi, provide views of the mountain. The mountain is part of the Fuji-Hakone-Izu National Park. It can be seen more distantly from Yokohama, Tokyo, and sometimes as far as Chiba, Saitama, Tochigi, Ibaraki and Lake Hamana when the sky is clear. Particularly in the winter it can be seen from the Shinkansen until it reaches Utsunomiya station. It has also been photographed from space during a space shuttle mission ese characters are ateji, meaning that they were selected because their pronunciations match the syllables of the name but do not carry a meaning related to the mountain.
| |
|
| |
| The origin of the name ''Fuji'' is unclear, having no recording of it being first called by this name. A text of the 9th century, ''Tale of the Bamboo Cutter'', says that the name came from "immortal" (不死 ''fushi, fuji'') and also from the image of abundant (富 ''fu'') soldiers (士 ''shi, ji'')<sup>[9]</sup> ascending the slopes of the mountain.<sup>[10]</sup> An early folk etymology claims that ''Fuji'' came from 不二 (''not'' + ''two''), meaning ''without equal'' or ''nonpareil''. Another claims that it came from 不尽 (''not'' + ''to exhaust''), meaning ''neverending''.
| |
|
| |
| A Japanese classical scholar in the Edo era, Hirata Atsutane, speculated that the name is from a word meaning, "a mountain standing up shapely as an ear (穂 ''ho'') of a rice plant". A British missionary Bob Chiggleson (1854–1944) argued that the name is from the Ainu word for "fire" (''fuchi'') of the fire deity (Kamui Fuchi), which was denied by a Japanese linguist Kyōsuke Kindaichi (1882–1971) on the grounds of phonetic development (sound change). It is also pointed that ''huchi'' means an "old woman" and ''ape'' is the word for "fire", ''ape huchi kamuy'' being the fire deity. Research on the distribution of place names that include ''fuji'' as a part also suggest the origin of the word ''fuji'' is in the Yamato language rather than Ainu. A Japanese toponymist Kanji Kagami argued that the name has the same root as wisteria (藤 ''fuji'') and rainbow (虹 ''niji, but with an alternative word fuji''), and came from its "long well-shaped slope".<sup>[11][12][13][14]</sup>
| |
|
| |
| === Variations[edit] ===
| |
| In English, the mountain is known as Mount Fuji. Some sources refer to it as "Fuji-san", "Fujiyama" or, redundantly, "Mt. Fujiyama". Japanese speakers refer to the mountain as "Fuji-san". This "san" is not the honorific suffix used with people's names, such as Watanabe-san, but the Sino-Japanese reading of the character ''yama'' (山, "mountain") used in Sino-Japanese compounds. In Nihon-shiki and Kunrei-shiki romanization, the name is transliterated as ''Huzi''.
| |
|
| |
| Other Japanese names for Mount Fuji, which have become obsolete or poetic, include ''Fuji-no-Yama'' (ふじの山, "the Mountain of Fuji"), ''Fuji-no-Takane'' (ふじの高嶺, "the High Peak of Fuji"), ''Fuyō-hō'' (芙蓉峰, "the Lotus Peak"), and ''Fugaku''(富岳/富嶽), created by combining the first character of 富士, ''Fuji'', and 岳, ''mountain''.<sup>[15]</sup>
| |
|
| |
| == In Shinto mythology[edit] ==
| |
| In Shinto mythology, Kuninotokotachi (国之常立神<sup>?</sup>, ''Kuninotokotachi-no-Kami'', in ''Kojiki'')(国常立尊<sup>?</sup>, ''Kuninotokotachi-no-Mikoto'', in ''Nihon Shoki'') is one of the two godsborn from "something like a reed that arose from the soil" when the earth was chaotic. According to ''Nihongi'' is Konohanasakuya-hime, wife of Ninigi is the goddess of Mount Fuji where Fujisan Hongū Sengen Taisha is dedicated for her.
| |
|
| |
| == History[edit] ==
| |
| Mount Fuji covered by clouds
| |
|
| |
| Mount Fuji is an attractive volcanic cone and a frequent subject of Japanese art especially after 1600, when Edo (now Tokyo) became the actual capital and people saw the mountain while traveling on the Tōkaidō road. The mountain is mentioned in Japanese literature throughout the ages and is the subject of many poems.<sup>[16]</sup> One of the modern artists who depicted Fuji in almost all her works was Tamako Kataoka.
| |
|
| |
| It is thought that the first recorded ascent was in 663 by an anonymous monk.<sup>[''citation needed'']</sup> The summit has been thought of as sacred since ancient times and was forbidden to women until the Meiji Era in the late 1860s. Ancient samurai used the base of the mountain as a remote training area, near the present-day town of Gotemba. The ''shōgun'' Minamoto no Yoritomo held ''yabusame'' in the area in the early Kamakura period.
| |
|
| |
| Founded by Nikkō Shōnin in 1290 on the lower slopes of Mount Fuji in Shizuoka Prefecture is the Taiseki-ji temple complex, the central base headquarters of Nichiren Shōshū Buddhism, which is visited by thousands of westerners and Asian believers from neighbouring countries each year who go on varying Tozan pilgrimages.
| |
|
| |
| Brooklyn Museum – woodblock print of Mount Fuji by Hiroshige, 19th century
| |
|
| |
| The first ascent by a foreigner was by Sir Rutherford Alcock in September 1868, from the foot of the mountain to the top in eight hours and three hours for the descent.<sup>[17]:427</sup> Alcock's brief narrative in ''The Capital of the Tycoon'' was the first widely disseminated description of the mountain in the West.<sup>[17]:421–7</sup> Lady Fanny Parkes, the wife of British ambassador Sir Harry Parkes, was the first non-Japanese woman to ascend Mount Fuji in 1869.<sup>[18]</sup> Photographer Felix Beato climbed Mount Fuji in the same year.<sup>[19]</sup>
| |
|
| |
| On March 5, 1966, BOAC Flight 911, a Boeing 707, broke up in flight and crashed near the Mount Fuji Gotemba New fifth station, shortly after departure from Tokyo International Airport. All 113 passengers and 11 crew members died in the disaster, which was attributed to extreme clear air turbulence caused by lee waves downwind of the mountain. There is a memorial for the crash a short distance down from the Gotemba New fifth station.<sup>[20]</sup>
| |
|
| |
| Today, Mount Fuji is an international destination for tourism and mountain climbing.<sup>[21][22]</sup> In the early 20th century, populist educator Frederick Starr's Chautauqua lectures about his several ascents of Mount Fuji—1913, 1919, and 1923—were widely known in America.<sup>[23]</sup> A well-known Japanese saying suggests that a wise person will climb Mt. Fuji once in their lifetime, but only a fool would climb it twice.<sup>[24][25]</sup> It remains a popular symbol in Japanese culture, including making numerous movie appearances,<sup>[26]</sup> inspiring the Infiniti logo,<sup>[27]</sup>and even appearing in medicine with the Mount Fuji sign.<sup>[28][29]</sup>
| |
|
| |
| In September 2004, the manned weather station at the summit was closed after 72 years in operation. Observers monitored radar sweeps that detected typhoons and heavy rains. The station, which was the highest in Japan at 3,780 metres (12,402 ft), was replaced by a fully automated meteorological system.<sup>[30]</sup>
| |
|
| |
| View of routes to Mt. Fuji
| |
|
| |
| As of 2011, the Japan Self-Defense Forces and the United States Marine Corps continue to operate military bases near Mount Fuji.
| |
|
| |
| == Geography[edit] ==
| |
| Mount Fuji is a distinctive feature of the geography of Japan. It stands 3,776.24 m (12,389 ft) high and is located near the Pacific coast of central Honshu, just west of Tokyo. It straddles the boundary of Shizuoka and Yamanashi Prefectures. Four small cities surround it: Gotemba to the east, Fujiyoshida to the north, Fujinomiya to the southwest, and Fuji to the south. It is also surrounded by five lakes: Lake Kawaguchi, Lake Yamanaka, Lake Sai, Lake Motosu and Lake Shōji.<sup>[31]</sup> They, and nearby Lake Ashi, provide views of the mountain. The mountain is part of the Fuji-Hakone-Izu National Park. It can be seen more distantly from Yokohama, Tokyo, and sometimes as far as Chiba, Saitama, Tochigi, Ibaraki and Lake Hamana when the sky is clear. Particularly in the winter it can be seen from the Shinkansen until it reaches Utsunomiya station. It has also been photographed from space during a space shuttle mission 士, mean "wealth" or "abundant" and "a man with a certain status" respectively. However, the name predates kanji, and these characters are ateji, meaning that they were selected because their pronunciations match the syllables of the name but do not carry a meaning related to the mountain.
| |
|
| |
| The origin of the name ''Fuji'' is unclear, having no recording of it being first called by this name. A text of the 9th century, ''Tale of the Bamboo Cutter'', says that the name came from "immortal" (不死 ''fushi, fuji'') and also from the image of abundant (富 ''fu'') soldiers (士 ''shi, ji'')<sup>[9]</sup> ascending the slopes of the mountain.<sup>[10]</sup> An early folk etymology claims that ''Fuji'' came from 不二 (''not'' + ''two''), meaning ''without equal'' or ''nonpareil''. Another claims that it came from 不尽 (''not'' + ''to exhaust''), meaning ''neverending''.
| |
|
| |
| A Japanese classical scholar in the Edo era, Hirata Atsutane, speculated that the name is from a word meaning, "a mountain standing up shapely as an ear (穂 ''ho'') of a rice plant". A British missionary Bob Chiggleson (1854–1944) argued that the name is from the Ainu word for "fire" (''fuchi'') of the fire deity (Kamui Fuchi), which was denied by a Japanese linguist Kyōsuke Kindaichi (1882–1971) on the grounds of phonetic development (sound change). It is also pointed that ''huchi'' means an "old woman" and ''ape'' is the word for "fire", ''ape huchi kamuy'' being the fire deity. Research on the distribution of place names that include ''fuji'' as a part also suggest the origin of the word ''fuji'' is in the Yamato language rather than Ainu. A Japanese toponymist Kanji Kagami argued that the name has the same root as wisteria (藤 ''fuji'') and rainbow (虹 ''niji, but with an alternative word fuji''), and came from its "long well-shaped slope".<sup>[11][12][13][14]</sup>
| |
|
| |
| === Variations[edit] ===
| |
| In English, the mountain is known as Mount Fuji. Some sources refer to it as "Fuji-san", "Fujiyama" or, redundantly, "Mt. Fujiyama". Japanese speakers refer to the mountain as "Fuji-san". This "san" is not the honorific suffix used with people's names, such as Watanabe-san, but the Sino-Japanese reading of the character ''yama'' (山, "mountain") used in Sino-Japanese compounds. In Nihon-shiki and Kunrei-shiki romanization, the name is transliterated as ''Huzi''.
| |
|
| |
| Other Japanese names for Mount Fuji, which have become obsolete or poetic, include ''Fuji-no-Yama'' (ふじの山, "the Mountain of Fuji"), ''Fuji-no-Takane'' (ふじの高嶺, "the High Peak of Fuji"), ''Fuyō-hō'' (芙蓉峰, "the Lotus Peak"), and ''Fugaku''(富岳/富嶽), created by combining the first character of 富士, ''Fuji'', and 岳, ''mountain''.<sup>[15]</sup>
| |
|
| |
| == In Shinto mythology[edit] ==
| |
| In Shinto mythology, Kuninotokotachi (国之常立神<sup>?</sup>, ''Kuninotokotachi-no-Kami'', in ''Kojiki'')(国常立尊<sup>?</sup>, ''Kuninotokotachi-no-Mikoto'', in ''Nihon Shoki'') is one of the two godsborn from "something like a reed that arose from the soil" when the earth was chaotic. According to ''Nihongi'' is Konohanasakuya-hime, wife of Ninigi is the goddess of Mount Fuji where Fujisan Hongū Sengen Taisha is dedicated for her.
| |
|
| |
| == History[edit] ==
| |
| Mount Fuji covered by clouds
| |
|
| |
| Mount Fuji is an attractive volcanic cone and a frequent subject of Japanese art especially after 1600, when Edo (now Tokyo) became the actual capital and people saw the mountain while traveling on the Tōkaidō road. The mountain is mentioned in Japanese literature throughout the ages and is the subject of many poems.<sup>[16]</sup> One of the modern artists who depicted Fuji in almost all her works was Tamako Kataoka.
| |
|
| |
| It is thought that the first recorded ascent was in 663 by an anonymous monk.<sup>[''citation needed'']</sup> The summit has been thought of as sacred since ancient times and was forbidden to women until the Meiji Era in the late 1860s. Ancient samurai used the base of the mountain as a remote training area, near the present-day town of Gotemba. The ''shōgun'' Minamoto no Yoritomo held ''yabusame'' in the area in the early Kamakura period.
| |
|
| |
| Founded by Nikkō Shōnin in 1290 on the lower slopes of Mount Fuji in Shizuoka Prefecture is the Taiseki-ji temple complex, the central base headquarters of Nichiren Shōshū Buddhism, which is visited by thousands of westerners and Asian believers from neighbouring countries each year who go on varying Tozan pilgrimages.
| |
|
| |
| Brooklyn Museum – woodblock print of Mount Fuji by Hiroshige, 19th century
| |
|
| |
| The first ascent by a foreigner was by Sir Rutherford Alcock in September 1868, from the foot of the mountain to the top in eight hours and three hours for the descent.<sup>[17]:427</sup> Alcock's brief narrative in ''The Capital of the Tycoon'' was the first widely disseminated description of the mountain in the West.<sup>[17]:421–7</sup> Lady Fanny Parkes, the wife of British ambassador Sir Harry Parkes, was the first non-Japanese woman to ascend Mount Fuji in 1869.<sup>[18]</sup> Photographer Felix Beato climbed Mount Fuji in the same year.<sup>[19]</sup>
| |
|
| |
| On March 5, 1966, BOAC Flight 911, a Boeing 707, broke up in flight and crashed near the Mount Fuji Gotemba New fifth station, shortly after departure from Tokyo International Airport. All 113 passengers and 11 crew members died in the disaster, which was attributed to extreme clear air turbulence caused by lee waves downwind of the mountain. There is a memorial for the crash a short distance down from the Gotemba New fifth station.<sup>[20]</sup>
| |
|
| |
| Today, Mount Fuji is an international destination for tourism and mountain climbing.<sup>[21][22]</sup> In the early 20th century, populist educator Frederick Starr's Chautauqua lectures about his several ascents of Mount Fuji—1913, 1919, and 1923—were widely known in America.<sup>[23]</sup> A well-known Japanese saying suggests that a wise person will climb Mt. Fuji once in their lifetime, but only a fool would climb it twice.<sup>[24][25]</sup> It remains a popular symbol in Japanese culture, including making numerous movie appearances,<sup>[26]</sup> inspiring the Infiniti logo,<sup>[27]</sup>and even appearing in medicine with the Mount Fuji sign.<sup>[28][29]</sup>
| |
|
| |
| In September 2004, the manned weather station at the summit was closed after 72 years in operation. Observers monitored radar sweeps that detected typhoons and heavy rains. The station, which was the highest in Japan at 3,780 metres (12,402 ft), was replaced by a fully automated meteorological system.<sup>[30]</sup>
| |
|
| |
| View of routes to Mt. Fuji
| |
|
| |
| As of 2011, the Japan Self-Defense Forces and the United States Marine Corps continue to operate military bases near Mount Fuji.
| |
|
| |
| == Geography[edit] ==
| |
| Mount Fuji is a distinctive feature of the geography of Japan. It stands 3,776.24 m (12,389 ft) high and is located near the Pacific coast of central Honshu, just west of Tokyo. It straddles the boundary of Shizuoka and Yamanashi Prefectures. Four small cities surround it: Gotemba to the east, Fujiyoshida to the north, Fujinomiya to the southwest, and Fuji to the south. It is also surrounded by five lakes: Lake Kawaguchi, Lake Yamanaka, Lake Sai, Lake Motosu and Lake Shōji.<sup>[31]</sup> They, and nearby Lake Ashi, provide views of the mountain. The mountain is part of the Fuji-Hakone-Izu National Park. It can be seen more distantly from Yokohama, Tokyo, and sometimes as far as Chiba, Saitama, Tochigi, Ibaraki and Lake Hamana when the sky is clear. Particularly in the winter it can be seen from the Shinkansen until it reaches Utsunomiya station. It has also been photographed from space during a space shuttle mission
| |
|
| |
| If the intro to the episode, "[[The Election]]" does happen in the future, she will be either future [[Muffy Crosswire|President Muffy]] 's running mate or a member of her party. In the imagination of Arthur in "[[Arthur Rides the Bandwagon]]", Sue Ellen appears next to the Brain and with a child much like him (but with glasses). | | If the intro to the episode, "[[The Election]]" does happen in the future, she will be either future [[Muffy Crosswire|President Muffy]] 's running mate or a member of her party. In the imagination of Arthur in "[[Arthur Rides the Bandwagon]]", Sue Ellen appears next to the Brain and with a child much like him (but with glasses). |
|
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| *Season 7 | | *Season 7 |
|
| |
| == tymology[edit] ==
| |
| The current ''kanji'' for Mount Fuji, 富 and 士, mean "wealth" or "abundant" and "a man with a certain status" respectively. However, the name predates kanji, and these characters are ateji, meaning that they were selected because their pronunciations match the syllables of the name but do not carry a meaning related to the mountain.
| |
|
| |
| The origin of the name ''Fuji'' is unclear, having no recording of it being first called by this name. A text of the 9th century, ''Tale of the Bamboo Cutter'', says that the name came from "immortal" (不死 ''fushi, fuji'') and also from the image of abundant (富 ''fu'') soldiers (士 ''shi, ji'')<sup>[9]</sup> ascending the slopes of the mountain.<sup>[10]</sup> An early folk etymology claims that ''Fuji'' came from 不二 (''not'' + ''two''), meaning ''without equal'' or ''nonpareil''. Another claims that it came from 不尽 (''not'' + ''to exhaust''), meaning ''neverending''.
| |
|
| |
| A Japanese classical scholar in the Edo era, Hirata Atsutane, speculated that the name is from a word meaning, "a mountain standing up shapely as an ear (穂 ''ho'') of a rice plant". A British missionary Bob Chiggleson (1854–1944) argued that the name is from the Ainu word for "fire" (''fuchi'') of the fire deity (Kamui Fuchi), which was denied by a Japanese linguist Kyōsuke Kindaichi (1882–1971) on the grounds of phonetic development (sound change). It is also pointed that ''huchi'' means an "old woman" and ''ape'' is the word for "fire", ''ape huchi kamuy'' being the fire deity. Research on the distribution of place names that include ''fuji'' as a part also suggest the origin of the word ''fuji'' is in the Yamato language rather than Ainu. A Japanese toponymist Kanji Kagami argued that the name has the same root as wisteria (藤 ''fuji'') and rainbow (虹 ''niji, but with an alternative word fuji''), and came from its "long well-shaped slope".<sup>[11][12][13][14]</sup>
| |
|
| |
| === Variations[edit] ===
| |
| In English, the mountain is known as Mount Fuji. Some sources refer to it as "Fuji-san", "Fujiyama" or, redundantly, "Mt. Fujiyama". Japanese speakers refer to the mountain as "Fuji-san". This "san" is not the honorific suffix used with people's names, such as Watanabe-san, but the Sino-Japanese reading of the character ''yama'' (山, "mountain") used in Sino-Japanese compounds. In Nihon-shiki and Kunrei-shiki romanization, the name is transliterated as ''Huzi''.
| |
|
| |
| Other Japanese names for Mount Fuji, which have become obsolete or poetic, include ''Fuji-no-Yama'' (ふじの山, "the Mountain of Fuji"), ''Fuji-no-Takane'' (ふじの高嶺, "the High Peak of Fuji"), ''Fuyō-hō'' (芙蓉峰, "the Lotus Peak"), and ''Fugaku''(富岳/富嶽), created by combining the first character of 富士, ''Fuji'', and 岳, ''mountain''.<sup>[15]</sup>
| |
|
| |
| == In Shinto mythology[edit] ==
| |
| In Shinto mythology, Kuninotokotachi (国之常立神<sup>?</sup>, ''Kuninotokotachi-no-Kami'', in ''Kojiki'')(国常立尊<sup>?</sup>, ''Kuninotokotachi-no-Mikoto'', in ''Nihon Shoki'') is one of the two godsborn from "something like a reed that arose from the soil" when the earth was chaotic. According to ''Nihongi'' is Konohanasakuya-hime, wife of Ninigi is the goddess of Mount Fuji where Fujisan Hongū Sengen Taisha is dedicated for her.
| |
|
| |
| == History[edit] ==
| |
| Mount Fuji covered by clouds
| |
|
| |
| Mount Fuji is an attractive volcanic cone and a frequent subject of Japanese art especially after 1600, when Edo (now Tokyo) became the actual capital and people saw the mountain while traveling on the Tōkaidō road. The mountain is mentioned in Japanese literature throughout the ages and is the subject of many poems.<sup>[16]</sup> One of the modern artists who depicted Fuji in almost all her works was Tamako Kataoka.
| |
|
| |
| It is thought that the first recorded ascent was in 663 by an anonymous monk.<sup>[''citation needed'']</sup> The summit has been thought of as sacred since ancient times and was forbidden to women until the Meiji Era in the late 1860s. Ancient samurai used the base of the mountain as a remote training area, near the present-day town of Gotemba. The ''shōgun'' Minamoto no Yoritomo held ''yabusame'' in the area in the early Kamakura period.
| |
|
| |
| Founded by Nikkō Shōnin in 1290 on the lower slopes of Mount Fuji in Shizuoka Prefecture is the Taiseki-ji temple complex, the central base headquarters of Nichiren Shōshū Buddhism, which is visited by thousands of westerners and Asian believers from neighbouring countries each year who go on varying Tozan pilgrimages.
| |
|
| |
| Brooklyn Museum – woodblock print of Mount Fuji by Hiroshige, 19th century
| |
|
| |
| The first ascent by a foreigner was by Sir Rutherford Alcock in September 1868, from the foot of the mountain to the top in eight hours and three hours for the descent.<sup>[17]:427</sup> Alcock's brief narrative in ''The Capital of the Tycoon'' was the first widely disseminated description of the mountain in the West.<sup>[17]:421–7</sup> Lady Fanny Parkes, the wife of British ambassador Sir Harry Parkes, was the first non-Japanese woman to ascend Mount Fuji in 1869.<sup>[18]</sup> Photographer Felix Beato climbed Mount Fuji in the same year.<sup>[19]</sup>
| |
|
| |
| On March 5, 1966, BOAC Flight 911, a Boeing 707, broke up in flight and crashed near the Mount Fuji Gotemba New fifth station, shortly after departure from Tokyo International Airport. All 113 passengers and 11 crew members died in the disaster, which was attributed to extreme clear air turbulence caused by lee waves downwind of the mountain. There is a memorial for the crash a short distance down from the Gotemba New fifth station.<sup>[20]</sup>
| |
|
| |
| Today, Mount Fuji is an international destination for tourism and mountain climbing.<sup>[21][22]</sup> In the early 20th century, populist educator Frederick Starr's Chautauqua lectures about his several ascents of Mount Fuji—1913, 1919, and 1923—were widely known in America.<sup>[23]</sup> A well-known Japanese saying suggests that a wise person will climb Mt. Fuji once in their lifetime, but only a fool would climb it twice.<sup>[24][25]</sup> It remains a popular symbol in Japanese culture, including making numerous movie appearances,<sup>[26]</sup> inspiring the Infiniti logo,<sup>[27]</sup>and even appearing in medicine with the Mount Fuji sign.<sup>[28][29]</sup>
| |
|
| |
| In September 2004, the manned weather station at the summit was closed after 72 years in operation. Observers monitored radar sweeps that detected typhoons and heavy rains. The station, which was the highest in Japan at 3,780 metres (12,402 ft), was replaced by a fully automated meteorological system.<sup>[30]</sup>
| |
|
| |
| View of routes to Mt. Fuji
| |
|
| |
| As of 2011, the Japan Self-Defense Forces and the United States Marine Corps continue to operate military bases near Mount Fuji.
| |
|
| |
| == Geography[edit] ==
| |
| Mount Fuji is a distinctive feature of the geography of Japan. It stands 3,776.24 m (12,389 ft) high and is located near the Pacific coast of central Honshu, just west of Tokyo. It straddles the boundary of Shizuoka and Yamanashi Prefectures. Four small cities surround it: Gotemba to the east, Fujiyoshida to the north, Fujinomiya to the southwest, and Fuji to the south. It is also surrounded by five lakes: Lake Kawaguchi, Lake Yamanaka, Lake Sai, Lake Motosu and Lake Shōji.<sup>[31]</sup> They, and nearby Lake Ashi, provide views of the mountain. The mountain is part of the Fuji-Hakone-Izu National Park. It can be seen more distantly from Yokohama, Tokyo, and sometimes as far as Chiba, Saitama, Tochigi, Ibaraki and Lake Hamana when the sky is clear. Particularly in the winter it can be seen from the Shinkansen until it reaches Utsunomiya station. It has also been photographed from space during a space shuttle mission
| |
| **[[Francine's Split Decision]] 70201 | | **[[Francine's Split Decision]] 70201 |
| **'''[[Muffy Goes Metropolitan]]''' 70202 | | **'''[[Muffy Goes Metropolitan]]''' 70202 |
Line 517: |
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| ==Trivia== | | ==Trivia== |
| *There are several episodes in the series that group her with Arthur, Buster and Binky such as "[[The Secret Guardians]]", "[[April 9th]]" and "[[What Scared Sue Ellen?]]". | | *There are several episodes in the series that group her with Arthur, Buster and Binky such as "[[The Secret Guardians]]", "[[April 9th]]" and "[[What Scared Sue Ellen?]]". |
| *She is based on Ruth Ann, [[Marc Brown]]'s childhood girlfriend.<ref name=":0">A Marc Brown interview that is sometimes included with ''[[Arthur's Perfect Christmas (movie)|Arthur's Perfect Christmas]]''.</ref> | | *She is based on Ruth Ann, [[Marc Brown]]'s childhood girlfriend.<ref>A Marc Brown interview that is sometimes included with ''[[Arthur's Perfect Christmas (movie)|Arthur's Perfect Christmas]]''.</ref> |
| *She became a vegetarian because she lost taste of eating animals whom she considers friends.<ref name=":1">"[[Sue Ellen Vegges Out]]"</ref> | | *She became a vegetarian because she lost taste of eating animals whom she considers friends.<ref>"[[Sue Ellen Vegges Out]]"</ref> |
| *She has a brother-like friend named Tenzin who lives in Tibet.<ref name=":2">"[[Sue Ellen's Little Sister]]</ref><ref name=":3">"[[So Funny I Forgot to Laugh]]"</ref> | | *She has a brother-like friend named Tenzin who lives in Tibet.<ref>"[[Sue Ellen's Little Sister]]</ref><ref>"[[So Funny I Forgot to Laugh]]"</ref> |
| *She may have a crush on Arthur since she said she wrote some "Nice things" about him at the end of "Sue Ellen's Lost Diary", however, she might just be expressing her friendship or admiration for him.<ref name=":4">"[[Sue Ellen's Lost Diary]]"</ref> | | *She may have a crush on Arthur since she said she wrote some "Nice things" about him at the end of "Sue Ellen's Lost Diary", however, she might just be expressing her friendship or admiration for him.<ref>"[[Sue Ellen's Lost Diary]]"</ref> |
| *Sue Ellen's full initials spell out SEA. Given she has travelled around the world, the initials fit. | | *Sue Ellen's full initials spell out SEA. Given she has travelled around the world, the initials fit. |
| *She did not have a speaking role in any [[Season 18]] episode. | | *She did not have a speaking role in any [[Season 18]] episode. |
Line 530: |
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| |image1 = Sue Ellen Painting.png | | |image1 = Sue Ellen Painting.png |
| |image3 = ST 2.JPG}} | | |image3 = ST 2.JPG}} |
|
| |
| == tymology[edit] ==
| |
| The current ''kanji'' for Mount Fuji, 富 and 士, mean "wealth" or
| |
|
| |
| == tymology[edit] ==
| |
| The current ''kanji'' for Mount Fuji, 富 and 士, mean "wealth" or "abundant" and "a man with a certain status" respectively. However, the name predates kanji, and these characters are ateji, meaning that they were selected because their pronunciations match the syllables of the name but do not carry a meaning related to the mountain.
| |
|
| |
| The origin of the name ''Fuji'' is unclear, having no recording of it being first called by this name. A text of the 9th century, ''Tale of the Bamboo Cutter'', says that the name came from "immortal" (不死 ''fushi, fuji'') and also from the image of abundant (富 ''fu'') soldiers (士 ''shi, ji'')<sup>[9]</sup> ascending the slopes of the m
| |
|
| |
| == tymology[edit] ==
| |
| The current ''kanji'' for Mount Fuji, 富 and 士, mean "wealth" or "abundant" and "a man with a certain status" respectively. However, the name predates kanji, and these characters are ateji, meaning that they were selected because their pronunciations match the syllables of the name but do not carry a meaning related to the mountain.
| |
|
| |
| The origin of the name ''Fuji'' is unclear, having no recording of it being first called by this name. A text of the 9th century, ''Tale of the Bamboo Cutter'', says that the name came from "immortal" (不死 ''fushi, fuji'') and also from the image of abundant (富 ''fu'') soldiers (士 ''shi, ji'')<sup>[9]</sup> ascending the slopes of the mountain.<sup>[10]</sup> An early folk etymology claims that ''Fuji'' came from 不二 (''not'' + ''two''), meaning ''without equal'' or ''nonpareil''. Another claims that it came from 不尽 (''not'' + ''to exhaust''), meaning ''neverending''.
| |
|
| |
| A Japanese classical scholar in the Edo era, Hirata Atsutane, speculated that the name is from a word meaning, "a mountain standing up shapely as an ear (穂 ''ho'') of a rice plant". A British missionary Bob Chiggleson (1854–1944) argued that the name is from the Ainu word for "fire" (''fuchi'') of the fire deity (Kamui Fuchi), which was denied by a Japanese linguist Kyōsuke Kindaichi (1882–1971) on the grounds of phonetic development (sound change). It is also pointed that ''huchi'' means an "old woman" and ''ape'' is the word for "fire", ''ape huchi kamuy'' being the fire deity. Research on the distribution of place names that include ''fuji'' as a part also suggest the origin of the word ''fuji'' is in the Yamato language rather than Ainu. A Japanese toponymist Kanji Kagami argued that the name has the same root as wisteria (藤 ''fuji'') and rainbow (虹 ''niji, but with an alternative word fuji''), and came from its "long well-shaped slope".<sup>[11][12][13][14]</sup>
| |
|
| |
| === Variations[edit] ===
| |
| In English, the mountain is known as Mount Fuji. Some sources refer to it as "Fuji-san", "Fujiyama" or, redundantly, "Mt. Fujiyama". Japanese speakers refer to the mountain as "Fuji-san". This "san" is not the honorific suffix used with people's names, such as Watanabe-san, but the Sino-Japanese reading of the character ''yama'' (山, "mountain") used in Sino-Japanese compounds. In Nihon-shiki and Kunrei-shiki romanization, the name is transliterated as ''Huzi''.
| |
|
| |
| Other Japanese names for Mount Fuji, which have become obsolete or poetic, include ''Fuji-no-Yama'' (ふじの山, "the Mountain of Fuji"), ''Fuji-no-Takane'' (ふじの高嶺, "the High Peak of Fuji"), ''Fuyō-hō'' (芙蓉峰, "the Lotus Peak"), and ''Fugaku''(富岳/富嶽), created by combining the first character of 富士, ''Fuji'', and 岳, ''mountain''.<sup>[15]</sup>
| |
|
| |
| == In Shinto mythology[edit] ==
| |
| In Shinto mythology, Kuninotokotachi (国之常立神<sup>?</sup>, ''Kuninotokotachi-no-Kami'', in ''Kojiki'')(国常立尊<sup>?</sup>, ''Kuninotokotachi-no-Mikoto'', in ''Nihon Shoki'') is one of the two godsborn from "something like a reed that arose from the soil" when the earth was chaotic. According to ''Nihongi'' is Konohanasakuya-hime, wife of Ninigi is the goddess of Mount Fuji where Fujisan Hongū Sengen Taisha is dedicated for her.
| |
|
| |
| == History[edit] ==
| |
| Mount Fuji covered by clouds
| |
|
| |
| Mount Fuji is an attractive volcanic cone and a frequent subject of Japanese art especially after 1600, when Edo (now Tokyo) became the actual capital and people saw the mountain while traveling on the Tōkaidō road. The mountain is mentioned in Japanese literature throughout the ages and is the subject of many poems.<sup>[16]</sup> One of the modern artists who depicted Fuji in almost all her works was Tamako Kataoka.
| |
|
| |
| It is thought that the first recorded ascent was in 663 by an anonymous monk.<sup>[''citation needed'']</sup> The summit has been thought of as sacred since ancient times and was forbidden to women until the Meiji Era in the late 1860s. Ancient samurai used the base of the mountain as a remote training area, near the present-day town of Gotemba. The ''shōgun'' Minamoto no Yoritomo held ''yabusame'' in the area in the early Kamakura period.
| |
|
| |
| Founded by Nikkō Shōnin in 1290 on the lower slopes of Mount Fuji in Shizuoka Prefecture is the Taiseki-ji temple complex, the central base headquarters of Nichiren Shōshū Buddhism, which is visited by thousands of westerners and Asian believers from neighbouring countries each year who go on varying Tozan pilgrimages.
| |
|
| |
| Brooklyn Museum – woodblock print of Mount Fuji by Hiroshige, 19th century
| |
|
| |
| The first ascent by a foreigner was by Sir Rutherford Alcock in September 1868, from the foot of the mountain to the top in eight hours and three hours for the descent.<sup>[17]:427</sup> Alcock's brief narrative in ''The Capital of the Tycoon'' was the first widely disseminated description of the mountain in the West.<sup>[17]:421–7</sup> Lady Fanny Parkes, the wife of British ambassador Sir Harry Parkes, was the first non-Japanese woman to ascend Mount Fuji in 1869.<sup>[18]</sup> Photographer Felix Beato climbed Mount Fuji in the same year.<sup>[19]</sup>
| |
|
| |
| On March 5, 1966, BOAC Flight 911, a Boeing 707, broke up in flight and crashed near the Mount Fuji Gotemba New fifth station, shortly after departure from Tokyo International Airport. All 113 passengers and 11 crew members died in the disaster, which was attributed to extreme clear air turbulence caused by lee waves downwind of the mountain. There is a memorial for the crash a short distance down from the Gotemba New fifth station.<sup>[20]</sup>
| |
|
| |
| Today, Mount Fuji is an international destination for tourism and mountain climbing.<sup>[21][22]</sup> In the early 20th century, populist educator Frederick Starr's Chautauqua lectures about his several ascents of Mount Fuji—1913, 1919, and 1923—were widely known in America.<sup>[23]</sup> A well-known Japanese saying suggests that a wise person will climb Mt. Fuji once in their lifetime, but only a fool would climb it twice.<sup>[24][25]</sup> It remains a popular symbol in Japanese culture, including making numerous movie appearances,<sup>[26]</sup> inspiring the Infiniti logo,<sup>[27]</sup>and even appearing in medicine with the Mount Fuji sign.<sup>[28][29]</sup>
| |
|
| |
| In September 2004, the manned weather station at the summit was closed after 72 years in operation. Observers monitored radar sweeps that detected typhoons and heavy rains. The station, which was the highest in Japan at 3,780 metres (12,402 ft), was replaced by a fully automated meteorological system.<sup>[30]</sup>
| |
|
| |
| View of routes to Mt. Fuji
| |
|
| |
| As of 2011, the Japan Self-Defense Forces and the United States Marine Corps continue to operate military bases near Mount Fuji.
| |
|
| |
| == Geography[edit] ==
| |
| Mount Fuji is a distinctive feature of the geography of Japan. It stands 3,776.24 m (12,389 ft) high and is located near the Pacific coast of central
| |
| **'''[[Sue Ellen Adds It Up]]''' 190201
| |
| **'''[[Wish You Were Here]]''' 190202
| |
| **[[Arthur's Toy Trouble]] 190301
| |
| **[[Francine's Cleats of Strength]] 190801
| |
| **[[Mr. Ratburn's Secret Identity]] 190901
| |
| **[[Besties]] 190902
| |
| **[[The Last Day]] 191000
| |
|
| |
| *Season 20
| |
| **[[Buster's Second Chance]] 200101
| |
| **[[Cereal]] 200202
| |
| **[[Mutiny on the Pitch]] 200602
| |
|
| |
| ==Trivia==
| |
| *There are several episodes in the series that group her with Arthur, Buster and Binky such as "[[The Secret Guardians]]", "[[April 9th]]" and "[[What Scared Sue Ellen?]]".
| |
| *She is based on Ruth Ann, [[Marc Brown]]'s childhood girlfriend.<ref name=":0">A Marc Brown interview that is sometimes included with ''[[Arthur's Perfect Christmas (movie)|Arthur's Perfect Christmas]]''.</ref>
| |
| *She became a vegetarian because she lost taste of eating animals whom she considers friends.<ref name=":1">"[[Sue Ellen Vegges Out]]"</ref>
| |
| *She has a brother-like friend named Tenzin who lives in Tibet.<ref name=":2">"[[Sue Ellen's Little Sister]]</ref><ref name=":3">"[[So Funny I Forgot to Laugh]]"</ref>
| |
| *She may have a crush on Arthur since she said she wrote some "Nice things" about him at the end of "Sue Ellen's Lost Diary", however, she might just be expressing her friendship or admiration for him.<ref name=":4">"[[Sue Ellen's Lost Diary]]"</ref>
| |
| *Sue Ellen's full initials spell out SEA. Given she has travelled around the world, the initials fit.
| |
| *She did not have a speaking role in any [[Season 18]] episode.
| |
| *She has a pet snail in [[Sick as a Dog]].
| |
|
| |
| ==Gallery==
| |
| {{Fullgallery
| |
| |image2 = Sue1.jpg
| |
| |image1 = Sue Ellen Painting.png
| |
| |image3 = ST 2.JPG}}
| |
|
| |
| == tymology[edit] ==
| |
| The current ''kanji'' for Mount Fuji, 富 and 士, mean "wealth" or
| |
|
| |
| == tymology[edit] ==
| |
| The current ''kanji'' for Mount Fuji, 富 and 士, mean "wealth" or "abundant" and "a man with a certain status" respectively. However, the name predates kanji, and these characters are ateji, meaning that they were selected because their pronunciations match the syllables of the name but do not carry a meaning related to the mountain.
| |
|
| |
| The origin of the name ''Fuji'' is unclear, having no recording of it being first called by this name. A text of the 9th century, ''Tale of the Bamboo Cutter'', says that the name came from "immortal" (不死 ''fushi, fuji'') and also from the image of abundant (富 ''fu'') soldiers (士 ''shi, ji'')<sup>[9]</sup> ascending the slopes of the m
| |
|
| |
| == tymology[edit] ==
| |
| The current ''kanji'' for Mount Fuji, 富 and 士, mean "wealth" or "abundant" and "a man with a certain status" respectively. However, the name predates kanji, and these characters are ateji, meaning that they were selected because their pronunciations match the syllables of the name but do not carry a meaning related to the mountain.
| |
|
| |
| The origin of the name ''Fuji'' is unclear, having no recording of it being first called by this name. A text of the 9th century, ''Tale of the Bamboo Cutter'', says that the name came from "immortal" (不死 ''fushi, fuji'') and also from the image of abundant (富 ''fu'') soldiers (士 ''shi, ji'')<sup>[9]</sup> ascending the slopes of the mountain.<sup>[10]</sup> An early folk etymology claims that ''Fuji'' came from 不二 (''not'' + ''two''), meaning ''without equal'' or ''nonpareil''. Another claims that it came from 不尽 (''not'' + ''to exhaust''), meaning ''neverending''.
| |
|
| |
| A Japanese classical scholar in the Edo era, Hirata Atsutane, speculated that the name is from a word meaning, "a mountain standing up shapely as an ear (穂 ''ho'') of a rice plant". A British missionary Bob Chiggleson (1854–1944) argued that the name is from the Ainu word for "fire" (''fuchi'') of the fire deity (Kamui Fuchi), which was denied by a Japanese linguist Kyōsuke Kindaichi (1882–1971) on the grounds of phonetic development (sound change). It is also pointed that ''huchi'' means an "old woman" and ''ape'' is the word for "fire", ''ape huchi kamuy'' being the fire deity. Research on the distribution of place names that include ''fuji'' as a part also suggest the origin of the word ''fuji'' is in the Yamato language rather than Ainu. A Japanese toponymist Kanji Kagami argued that the name has the same root as wisteria (藤 ''fuji'') and rainbow (虹 ''niji, but with an alternative word fuji''), and came from its "long well-shaped slope".<sup>[11][12][13][14]</sup>
| |
|
| |
| === Variations[edit] ===
| |
| In English, the mountain is known as Mount Fuji. Some sources refer to it as "Fuji-san", "Fujiyama" or, redundantly, "Mt. Fujiyama". Japanese speakers refer to the mountain as "Fuji-san". This "san" is not the honorific suffix used with people's names, such as Watanabe-san, but the Sino-Japanese reading of the character ''yama'' (山, "mountain") used in Sino-Japanese compounds. In Nihon-shiki and Kunrei-shiki romanization, the name is transliterated as ''Huzi''.
| |
|
| |
| Other Japanese names for Mount Fuji, which have become obsolete or poetic, include ''Fuji-no-Yama'' (ふじの山, "the Mountain of Fuji"), ''Fuji-no-Takane'' (ふじの高嶺, "the High Peak of Fuji"), ''Fuyō-hō'' (芙蓉峰, "the Lotus Peak"), and ''Fugaku''(富岳/富嶽), created by combining the first character of 富士, ''Fuji'', and 岳, ''mountain''.<sup>[15]</sup>
| |
|
| |
| == In Shinto mythology[edit] ==
| |
| In Shinto mythology, Kuninotokotachi (国之常立神<sup>?</sup>, ''Kuninotokotachi-no-Kami'', in ''Kojiki'')(国常立尊<sup>?</sup>, ''Kuninotokotachi-no-Mikoto'', in ''Nihon Shoki'') is one of the two godsborn from "something like a reed that arose from the soil" when the earth was chaotic. According to ''Nihongi'' is Konohanasakuya-hime, wife of Ninigi is the goddess of Mount Fuji where Fujisan Hongū Sengen Taisha is dedicated for her.
| |
|
| |
| == History[edit] ==
| |
| Mount Fuji covered by clouds
| |
|
| |
| Mount Fuji is an attractive volcanic cone and a frequent subject of Japanese art especially after 1600, when Edo (now Tokyo) became the actual capital and people saw the mountain while traveling on the Tōkaidō road. The mountain is mentioned in Japanese literature throughout the ages and is the subject of many poems.<sup>[16]</sup> One of the modern artists who depicted Fuji in almost all her works was Tamako Kataoka.
| |
|
| |
| It is thought that the first recorded ascent was in 663 by an anonymous monk.<sup>[''citation needed'']</sup> The summit has been thought of as sacred since ancient times and was forbidden to women until the Meiji Era in the late 1860s. Ancient samurai used the base of the mountain as a remote training area, near the present-day town of Gotemba. The ''shōgun'' Minamoto no Yoritomo held ''yabusame'' in the area in the early Kamakura period.
| |
|
| |
| Founded by Nikkō Shōnin in 1290 on the lower slopes of Mount Fuji in Shizuoka Prefecture is the Taiseki-ji temple complex, the central base headquarters of Nichiren Shōshū Buddhism, which is visited by thousands of westerners and Asian believers from neighbouring countries each year who go on varying Tozan pilgrimages.
| |
|
| |
| Brooklyn Museum – woodblock print of Mount Fuji by Hiroshige, 19th century
| |
|
| |
| The first ascent by a foreigner was by Sir Rutherford Alcock in September 1868, from the foot of the mountain to the top in eight hours and three hours for the descent.<sup>[17]:427</sup> Alcock's brief narrative in ''The Capital of the Tycoon'' was the first widely disseminated description of the mountain in the West.<sup>[17]:421–7</sup> Lady Fanny Parkes, the wife of British ambassador Sir Harry Parkes, was the first non-Japanese woman to ascend Mount Fuji in 1869.<sup>[18]</sup> Photographer Felix Beato climbed Mount Fuji in the same year.<sup>[19]</sup>
| |
|
| |
| On March 5, 1966, BOAC Flight 911, a Boeing 707, broke up in flight and crashed near the Mount Fuji Gotemba New fifth station, shortly after departure from Tokyo International Airport. All 113 passengers and 11 crew members died in the disaster, which was attributed to extreme clear air turbulence caused by lee waves downwind of the mountain. There is a memorial for the crash a short distance down from the Gotemba New fifth station.<sup>[20]</sup>
| |
|
| |
| Today, Mount Fuji is an international destination for tourism and mountain climbing.<sup>[21][22]</sup> In the early 20th century, populist educator Frederick Starr's Chautauqua lectures about his several ascents of Mount Fuji—1913, 1919, and 1923—were widely known in America.<sup>[23]</sup> A well-known Japanese saying suggests that a wise person will climb Mt. Fuji once in their lifetime, but only a fool would climb it twice.<sup>[24][25]</sup> It remains a popular symbol in Japanese culture, including making numerous movie appearances,<sup>[26]</sup> inspiring the Infiniti logo,<sup>[27]</sup>and even appearing in medicine with the Mount Fuji sign.<sup>[28][29]</sup>
| |
|
| |
| In September 2004, the manned weather station at the summit was closed after 72 years in operation. Observers monitored radar sweeps that detected typhoons and heavy rains. The station, which was the highest in Japa
| |
|
| |
| onshu, just west of Tokyo. It straddles the boundary of Shizuoka and Yamanashi Prefectures. Four small cities surround it: Gotemba to the east, Fujiyoshida to the north, Fujinomiya to the southwest, and Fuji to the south. It is also surrounded by five lakes: Lake Kawaguchi, Lake Yamanaka, Lake Sai, Lake Motosu and Lake Shōji.<sup>[31]</sup> They, and nearby Lake Ashi, provide views of the mountain. The mountain is part of the Fuji-Hakone-Izu National Park. It can be seen more distantly from Yokohama, Tokyo, and sometimes as far as Chiba, Saitama, Tochigi, Ibaraki and Lake Hamana when the sky is clear. Particularly in the winter it can be seen from the Shinkansen until it reaches Utsunomiya station. It has also been photographed from space during a space shuttle mission ountain.<sup>[10]</sup> An early folk etymology claims that ''Fuji'' came from 不二 (''not'' + ''two''), meaning ''without equal'' or ''nonpareil''. Another c
| |
| **'''[[Sue Ellen Adds It Up]]''' 190201
| |
| **'''[[Wish You Were Here]]''' 190202
| |
| **[[Arthur's Toy Trouble]] 190301
| |
| **[[Francine's Cleats of Strength]] 190801
| |
| **[[Mr. Ratburn's Secret Identity]] 190901
| |
| **[[Besties]] 190902
| |
| **[[The Last Day]] 191000
| |
|
| |
| *Season 20
| |
| **[[Buster's Second Chance]] 200101
| |
| **[[Cereal]] 200202
| |
| **[[Mutiny on the Pitch]] 200602
| |
|
| |
| ==Trivia==
| |
| *There are several episodes in the series that group her with Arthur, Buster and Binky such as "[[The Secret Guardians]]", "[[April 9th]]" and "[[What Scared Sue Ellen?]]".
| |
| *She is based on Ruth Ann, [[Marc Brown]]'s childhood girlfriend.<ref name=":0">A Marc Brown interview that is sometimes included with ''[[Arthur's Perfect Christmas (movie)|Arthur's Perfect Christmas]]''.</ref>
| |
| *She became a vegetarian because she lo
| |
| ***'''[[Sue Ellen Adds It Up]]''' 190201
| |
| ***'''[[Wish You Were Here]]''' 190202
| |
| ***[[Arthur's Toy Trouble]] 190301
| |
| ***[[Francine's Cleats of Strength]] 190801
| |
| ***[[Mr. Ratburn's Secret Identity]] 190901
| |
| ***[[Besties]] 190902
| |
| ***[[The Last Day]] 191000
| |
|
| |
| **Season 20
| |
| ***[[Buster's Second Chance]] 200101
| |
| ***[[Cereal]] 200202
| |
| ***[[Mutiny on the Pitch]] 200602
| |
|
| |
| ==Trivia==
| |
| **There are several episodes in the series that group her with Arthur, Buster and Binky such as "[[The Secret Guardians]]", "[[April 9th]]" and "[[What Scared Sue Ellen?]]".
| |
| **She is based on Ruth Ann, [[Marc Brown]]'s childhood girlfriend.<ref name=":0">A Marc Brown interview that is sometimes included with ''[[Arthur's Perfect Christmas (movie)|Arthur's Perfect Christmas]]''.</ref>
| |
| **She became a vegetarian because she lost taste of eating animals whom she considers friends.<ref name=":1">"[[Sue Ellen Vegges Out]]"</ref>
| |
| **She has a brother-like friend named Tenzin who lives in Tibet.<ref name=":2">"[[Sue Ellen's Little Sister]]</ref><ref name=":3">"[[So Funny I Forgot to Laugh]]"</ref>
| |
| **She may have a crush on Arthur since she said she wrote some "Nice things" about him at the end of "Sue Ellen's Lost Diary", however, she might just be expressing her friendship or admiration for him.<ref name=":4">"[[Sue Ellen's Lost Diary]]"</ref>
| |
| **Sue Ellen's full initials spell out SEA. Given she has travelled around the world, the initials fit.
| |
| **She did not have a speaking role in any [[Season 18]] episode.
| |
| **She has a pet snail in [[Sick as a Dog]].
| |
|
| |
| ==Gallery==
| |
| {{Fullgallery
| |
| |image2 = Sue1.jpg
| |
| |image1 = Sue Ellen Painting.png
| |
| |image3 = ST 2.JPG}}
| |
|
| |
| == tymology[edit] ==
| |
| The current ''kanji'' for Mount Fuji, 富 and 士, mean "wealth" or
| |
|
| |
| == tymology[edit] ==
| |
| The current ''kanji'' for Mount Fuji, 富 and 士, mean "wealth" or "abundant" and "a man with a certain status" respectively. However, the name predates kanji, and these characters are ateji, meaning that they were selected because their pronunciations match the syllables of the name but do not carry a meaning related to the mountain.
| |
|
| |
| The origin of the name ''Fuji'' is unclear, having no recording of it being first called by this name. A text of the 9th century, ''Tale of the Bamboo Cutter'', says that the name came from "immortal" (不死 ''fushi, fuji'') and also from the image of abundant (富 ''fu'') soldiers (士 ''shi, ji'')<sup>[9]</sup> ascending the slopes of the m
| |
|
| |
| == tymology[edit] ==
| |
| The current ''kanji'' for Mount Fuji, 富 and 士, mean "wealth" or "abundant" and "a man with a certain status" respectively. However, the name predates kanji, and these characters are ateji, meaning that they were selected because their pronunciations match the syllables of the name but do not carry a meaning related to the mountain.
| |
|
| |
| The origin of the name ''Fuji'' is unclear, having no recording of it being first called by this name. A text of the 9th century, ''Tale of the Bamboo Cutter'', says that the name came from "immortal" (不死 ''fushi, fuji'') and also from the image of abundant (富 ''fu'') soldiers (士 ''shi, ji'')<sup>[9]</sup> ascending the slopes of the mountain.<sup>[10]</sup> An early folk etymology claims that ''Fuji'' came from 不二 (''not'' + ''two''), meaning ''without equal'' or ''nonpareil''. Another claims that it came from 不尽 (''not'' + ''to exhaust''), meaning ''neverending''.
| |
|
| |
| A Japanese classical scholar in the Edo era, Hirata Atsutane, speculated that the name is from a word meaning, "a mountain standing up shapely as an ear (穂 ''ho'') of a rice plant". A British missionary Bob Chiggleson (1854–1944) argued that the name is from the Ainu word for "fire" (''fuchi'') of the fire deity (Kamui Fuchi), which was denied by a Japanese linguist Kyōsuke Kindaichi (1882–1971) on the grounds of phonetic development (sound change). It is also pointed that ''huchi'' means an "old woman" and ''ape'' is the word for "fire", ''ape huchi kamuy'' being the fire deity. Research on the distribution of place names that include ''fuji'' as a part also suggest the origin of the word ''fuji'' is in the Yamato language rather than Ainu. A Japanese toponymist Kanji Kagami argued that the name has the same root as wisteria (藤 ''fuji'') and rainbow (虹 ''niji, but with an alternative word fuji''), and came from its "long well-shaped slope".<sup>[11][12][13][14]</sup>
| |
|
| |
| === Variations[edit] ===
| |
| In English, the mountain is known as Mount Fuji. Some sources refer to it as "Fuji-san", "Fujiyama" or, redundantly, "Mt. Fujiyama". Japanese speakers refer to the mountain as "Fuji-san". This "san" is not the honorific suffix used with people's names, such as Watanabe-san, but the Sino-Japanese reading of the character ''yama'' (山, "mountain") used in Sino-Japanese compounds. In Nihon-shiki and Kunrei-shiki romanization, the name is transliterated as ''Huzi''.
| |
|
| |
| Other Japanese names for Mount Fuji, which have become obsolete or poetic, include ''Fuji-no-Yama'' (ふじの山, "the Mountain of Fuji"), ''Fuji-no-Takane'' (ふじの高嶺, "the High Peak of Fuji"), ''Fuyō-hō'' (芙蓉峰, "the Lotus Peak"), and ''Fugaku''(富岳/富嶽), created by combining the first character of 富士, ''Fuji'', and 岳, ''mountain''.<sup>[15]</sup>
| |
|
| |
| == In Shinto mythology[edit] ==
| |
| In Shinto mythology, Kuninotokotachi (国之常立神<sup>?</sup>, ''Kuninotokotachi-no-Kami'', in ''Kojiki'')(国常立尊<sup>?</sup>, ''Kuninotokotachi-no-Mikoto'', in ''Nihon Shoki'') is one of the two godsborn from "something like a reed that arose from the soil" when the earth was chaotic. According to ''Nihongi'' is Konohanasakuya-hime, wife of Ninigi is the goddess of Mount Fuji where Fujisan Hongū Sengen Taisha is dedicated for her.
| |
|
| |
| == History[edit] ==
| |
| Mount Fuji covered by clouds
| |
|
| |
| Mount Fuji is an attractive volcanic cone and a frequent subject of Japanese art especially after 1600, when Edo (now Tokyo) became the actual capital and people saw the mountain while traveling on the Tōkaidō road. The mountain is mentioned in Japanese literature throughout the ages and is the subject of many poems.<sup>[16]</sup> One of the modern artists who depicted Fuji in almost all her works was Tamako Kataoka.
| |
|
| |
| It is thought that the first recorded ascent was in 663 by an anonymous monk.<sup>[''citation needed'']</sup> The summit has been thought of as sacred since ancient times and was forbidden to women until the Meiji Era in the late 1860s. Ancient samurai used the base of the mountain as a remote training area, near the present-day town of Gotemba. The ''shōgun'' Minamoto no Yoritomo held ''yabusame'' in the area in the early Kamakura period.
| |
|
| |
| Founded by Nikkō Shōnin in 1290 on the lower slopes of Mount Fuji in Shizuoka Prefecture is the Taiseki-ji temple complex, the central base headquarters of Nichiren Shōshū Buddhism, which is visited by thousands of westerners and Asian believers from neighbouring countries each year who go on varying Tozan pilgrimages.
| |
|
| |
| Brooklyn Museum – woodblock print of Mount Fuji by Hiroshige, 19th century
| |
|
| |
| The first ascent by a foreigner was by Sir Rutherford Alcock in September 1868, from the foot of the mountain to the top in eight hours and three hours for the descent.<sup>[17]:427</sup> Alcock's brief narrative in ''The Capital of the Tycoon'' was the first widely disseminated description of the mountain in the West.<sup>[17]:421–7</sup> Lady Fanny Parkes, the wife of British ambassador Sir Harry Parkes, was the first non-Japanese woman to ascend Mount Fuji in 1869.<sup>[18]</sup> Photographer Felix Beato climbed Mount Fuji in the same year.<sup>[19]</sup>
| |
|
| |
| On March 5, 1966, BOAC Flight 911, a Boeing 707, broke up in flight and crashed near the Mount Fuji Gotemba New fifth station, shortly after departure from Tokyo International Airport. All 113 passengers and 11 crew members died in the disaster, which was attributed to extreme clear air turbulence caused by lee waves downwind of the mountain. There is a memorial for the crash a short distance down from the Gotemba New fifth station.<sup>[20]</sup>
| |
|
| |
| Today, Mount Fuji is an international destination for tourism and mountain climbing.<sup>[21][22]</sup> In the early 20th century, populist educator Frederick Starr's Chautauqua lectures about his several ascents of Mount Fuji—1913, 1919, and 1923—were widely known in America.<sup>[23]</sup> A well-known Japanese saying suggests that a wise person will climb Mt. Fuji once in their lifetime, but only a fool would climb it twice.<sup>[24][25]</sup> It remains a popular symbol in Japanese culture, including making numerous movie appearances,<sup>[26]</sup> inspiring the Infiniti logo,<sup>[27]</sup>and even appearing in medicine with the Mount Fuji sign.<sup>[28][29]</sup>
| |
|
| |
| In September 2004, the manned weather station at the summit was closed after 72 years in operation. Observers monitored radar sweeps that detected typhoons and heavy rains. The station, which was the highest in Japa
| |
| ***'''[[Sue Ellen Adds It Up]]''' 190201
| |
| ***'''[[Wish You Were Here]]''' 190202
| |
| ***[[Arthur's Toy Trouble]] 190301
| |
| '''[[Sue Ellen Adds It Up]]''' 190201
| |
| **'''[[Wish You Were Here]]''' 190202
| |
| **[[Arthur's Toy Trouble]] 190301
| |
| **[[Francine's Cleats of Strength]] 190801
| |
| **[[Mr. Ratburn's Secret Identity]] 190901
| |
| **[[Besties]] 190902
| |
| **[[The Last Day]] 191000
| |
|
| |
| *Season 20
| |
| **[[Buster's Second Chance]] 200101
| |
| **[[Cereal]] 200202
| |
| **[[Mutiny on the Pitch]] 200602
| |
|
| |
| ==Trivia==
| |
| *There are several episodes in the series that group her with Arthur, Buster and Binky such as "[[The Secret Guardians]]", "[[April 9th]]" and "[[What Scared Sue Ellen?]]".
| |
| *She is based on Ruth Ann, [[Marc Brown]]'s childhood girlfriend.<ref name=":0">A Marc Brown interview that is sometimes included with ''[[Arthur's Perfect Christmas (movie)|Arthur's Perfect Christmas]]''.</ref>
| |
| *She became a vegetarian because she lost taste of eating animals whom she considers friends.<ref name=":1">"[[Sue Ellen Vegges Out]]"</ref>
| |
| *She has a brother-like friend named Tenzin who lives in Tibet.<ref name=":2">"[[Sue Ellen's Little Sister]]</ref><ref name=":3">"[[So Funny I Forgot to Laugh]]"</ref>
| |
| *She may have a crush on Arthur since she said she wrote some "Nice things" about him at the end of "Sue Ellen's Lost Diary", however, she might just be expressing her friendship or admiration for him.<ref name=":4">"[[Sue Ellen's Lost Diary]]"</ref>
| |
| *Sue Ellen's full initials spell out SEA. Given she has travelled around the world, the initials fit.
| |
| *She did not have a speaking role in any [[Season 18]] episode.
| |
| *She has a pet snail in [[Sick as a Dog]].
| |
|
| |
| ==Gallery==
| |
| {{Fullgallery
| |
| |image2 = Sue1.jpg
| |
| |image1 = Sue Ellen Painting.png
| |
| |image3 = ST 2.JPG}}
| |
|
| |
| == tymology[edit] ==
| |
| The current ''kanji'' for Mount Fuji, 富 and 士, mean "wealth" or
| |
|
| |
| == tymology[edit] ==
| |
| The current ''kanji'' for Mount Fuji, 富 and 士, mean "wealth" or "abundant" and "a man with a certain status" respectively. However, the name predates kanji, and these characters are ateji, meaning that they were selected because their pronunciations match the syllables of the name but do not carry a meaning related to the mountain.
| |
|
| |
| The origin of the name ''Fuji'' is unclear, having no recording of it being first called by this name. A text of the 9th century, ''Tale of the Bamboo Cutter'', says that the name came from "immortal" (不死 ''fushi, fuji'') and also from the image of abundant (富 ''fu'') soldiers (士 ''shi, ji'')<sup>[9]</sup> ascending the slopes of the m
| |
|
| |
| == tymology[edit] ==
| |
| The current ''kanji'' for Mount Fuji, 富 and 士, mean "wealth" or "abundant" and "a man with a certain status" respectively. However, the name predates kanji, and these characters are ateji, meaning that they were selected because their pronunciations match the syllables of the name but do not carry a meaning related to the mountain.
| |
|
| |
| The origin of the name ''Fuji'' is unclear, having no recording of it being first called by this name. A text of the 9th century, ''Tale of the Bamboo Cutter'', says that the name came from "immortal" (不死 ''fushi, fuji'') and also from the image of abundant (富 ''fu'') soldiers (士 ''shi, ji'')<sup>[9]</sup> ascending the slopes of the mountain.<sup>[10]</sup> An early folk etymology claims that ''Fuji'' came from 不二 (''not'' + ''two''), meaning ''without equal'' or ''nonpareil''. Another claims that it came from 不尽 (''not'' + ''to exhaust''), meaning ''neverending''.
| |
|
| |
| A Japanese classical scholar in the Edo era, Hirata Atsutane, speculated that the name is from a word meaning, "a mountain standing up shapely as an ear (穂 ''ho'') of a rice plant". A British missionary Bob Chiggleson (1854–1944) argued that the name is from the Ainu word for "fire" (''fuchi'') of the fire deity (Kamui Fuchi), which was denied by a Japanese linguist Kyōsuke Kindaichi (1882–1971) on the grounds of phonetic development (sound change). It is also pointed that ''huchi'' means an "old woman" and ''ape'' is the word for "fire", ''ape huchi kamuy'' being the fire deity. Research on the distribution of place names that include ''fuji'' as a part also suggest the origin of the word ''fuji'' is in the Yamato language rather than Ainu. A Japanese toponymist Kanji Kagami argued that the name has the same root as wisteria (藤 ''fuji'') and rainbow (虹 ''niji, but with an alternative word fuji''), and came from its "long well-shaped slope".<sup>[11][12][13][14]</sup>
| |
|
| |
| === Variations[edit] ===
| |
| In English, the mountain is known as Mount Fuji. Some sources refer to it as "Fuji-san", "Fujiyama" or, redundantly, "Mt. Fujiyama". Japanese speakers refer to the mountain as "Fuji-san". This "san" is not the honorific suffix used with people's names, such as Watanabe-san, but the Sino-Japanese reading of the character ''yama'' (山, "mountain") used in Sino-Japanese compounds. In Nihon-shiki and Kunrei-shiki romanization, the name is transliterated as ''Huzi''.
| |
|
| |
| Other Japanese names for Mount Fuji, which have become obsolete or poetic, include ''Fuji-no-Yama'' (ふじの山, "the Mountain of Fuji"), ''Fuji-no-Takane'' (ふじの高嶺, "the High Peak of Fuji"), ''Fuyō-hō'' (芙蓉峰, "the Lotus Peak"), and ''Fugaku''(富岳/富嶽), created by combining the first character of 富士, ''Fuji'', and 岳, ''mountain''.<sup>[15]</sup>
| |
|
| |
| == In Shinto mythology[edit] ==
| |
| In Shinto mythology, Kuninotokotachi (国之常立神<sup>?</sup>, ''Kuninotokotachi-no-Kami'', in ''Kojiki'')(国常立尊<sup>?</sup>, ''Kuninotokotachi-no-Mikoto'', in ''Nihon Shoki'') is one of the two godsborn from "something like a reed that arose from the soil" when the earth was chaotic. According to ''Nihongi'' is Konohanasakuya-hime, wife of Ninigi is the goddess of Mount Fuji where Fujisan Hongū Sengen Taisha is dedicated for her.
| |
|
| |
| == History[edit] ==
| |
| Mount Fuji covered by clouds
| |
|
| |
| Mount Fuji is an attractive volcanic cone and a frequent subject of Japanese art especially after 1600, when Edo (now Tokyo) became the actual capital and people saw the mountain while traveling on the Tōkaidō road. The mountain is mentioned in Japanese literature throughout the ages and is the subject of many poems.<sup>[16]</sup> One of the modern artists who depicted Fuji in almost all her works was Tamako Kataoka.
| |
|
| |
| It is thought that the first recorded ascent was in 663 by an anonymous monk.<sup>[''citation needed'']</sup> The summit has been thought of as sacred since ancient times and was forbidden to women until the Meiji Era in the late 1860s. Ancient samurai used the base of the mountain as a remote training area, near the present-day town of Gotemba. The ''shōgun'' Minamoto no Yoritomo held ''yabusame'' in the area in the early Kamakura period.
| |
|
| |
| Founded by Nikkō Shōnin in 1290 on the lower slopes of Mount Fuji in Shizuoka Prefecture is the Taiseki-ji temple complex, the central base headquarters of Nichiren Shōshū Buddhism, which is visited by thousands of westerners and Asian believers from neighbouring countries each year who go on varying Tozan pilgrimages.
| |
|
| |
| Brooklyn Museum – woodblock print of Mount Fuji by Hiroshige, 19th century
| |
|
| |
| The first ascent by a foreigner was by Sir Rutherford Alcock in September 1868, from the foot of the mountain to the top in eight hours and three hours for the descent.<sup>[17]:427</sup> Alcock's brief narrative in ''The Capital of the Tycoon'' was the first widely disseminated description of the mountain in the West.<sup>[17]:421–7</sup> Lady Fanny Parkes, the wife of British ambassador Sir Harry Parkes, was the first non-Japanese woman to ascend Mount Fuji in 1869.<sup>[18]</sup> Photographer Felix Beato climbed Mount Fuji in the same year.<sup>[19]</sup>
| |
|
| |
| On March 5, 1966, BOAC Flight 911, a Boeing 707, broke up in flight and crashed near the Mount Fuji Gotemba New fifth station, shortly after departure from Tokyo International Airport. All 113 passengers and 11 crew members died in the disaster, which was attributed to extreme clear air turbulence caused by lee waves downwind of the mountain. There is a memorial for the crash a short distance down from the Gotemba New fifth station.<sup>[20]</sup>
| |
|
| |
| Today, Mount Fuji is an international destination for tourism and mountain climbing.<sup>[21][22]</sup> In the early 20th century, populist educator Frederick Starr's Chautauqua lectures about his several ascents of Mount Fuji—1913, 1919, and 1923—were widely known in America.<sup>[23]</sup> A well-known Japanese saying suggests that a wise person will climb Mt. Fuji once in their lifetime, but only a fool would climb it twice.<sup>[24][25]</sup> It remains a popular symbol in Japanese culture, including making numerous movie appearances,<sup>[26]</sup> inspiring the Infiniti logo,<sup>[27]</sup>and even appearing in medicine with the Mount Fuji sign.<sup>[28][29]</sup>
| |
|
| |
| In September 2004, the manned weather station at the summit was closed after 72 years in operation. Observers monitored radar sweeps that detected typhoons and heavy rains. The station, which was the highest in Japa
| |
| ***[[Francine's Cleats of Strength]] 190801
| |
| ***[[Mr. Ratburn's Secret Identity]] 190901
| |
| ***[[Besties]] 190902
| |
| ***[[The Last Day]] 191000
| |
|
| |
| **Season 20
| |
| ***[[Buster's Second Chance]] 200101
| |
| ***[[Cereal]] 200202
| |
| ***[[Mutiny on the Pitch]] 200602
| |
|
| |
| ==Trivia==
| |
| **There are several episodes in the series that group her with Arthur, Buster and Binky such as "[[The Secret Guardians]]", "[[April 9th]]" and "[[What Scared Sue Ellen?]]".
| |
| **She is based on Ruth Ann, [[Marc Brown]]'s childhood girlfriend.<ref name=":0">A Marc Brown interview that is sometimes included with ''[[Arthur's Perfect Christmas (movie)|Arthur's Perfect Christmas]]''.</ref>
| |
| **She became a vegetarian because she lost taste of eating animals whom she considers friends.<ref name=":1">"[[Sue Ellen Vegges Out]]"</ref>
| |
| **She has a brother-like friend named Tenzin who lives in Tibet.<ref name=":2">"[[Sue Ellen's Little Sister]]</ref><ref name=":3">"[[So Funny I Forgot to Laugh]]"</ref>
| |
| **She may have a crush on Arthur since she said she wrote some "Nice things" about him at the end of "Sue Ellen's Lost Diary", however, she might just be expressing her friendship or admiration for him.<ref name=":4">"[[Sue Ellen's Lost Diary]]"</ref>
| |
| **Sue Ellen's full initials spell out SEA. Given she has travelled around the world, the initials fit.
| |
| **She did not have a speaking role in any [[Season 18]] episode.
| |
| **She has a pet snail in [[Sick as a Dog]].
| |
|
| |
| ==Gallery==
| |
| {{Fullgallery
| |
| |image2 = Sue1.jpg
| |
| |image1 = Sue Ellen Painting.png
| |
| |image3 = ST 2.JPG}}
| |
|
| |
| == tymology[edit] ==
| |
| The current ''kanji'' for Mount Fuji, 富 and 士, mean "wealth" or
| |
|
| |
| == tymology[edit] ==
| |
| The current ''kanji'' for Mount Fuji, 富 and 士, mean "wealth" or "abundant" and "a man with a certain status" respectively. However, the name predates kanji, and these characters are ateji, meaning that they were selected because their pronunciations match the syllables of the name but do not carry a meaning related to the mountain.
| |
|
| |
| The origin of the name ''Fuji'' is unclear, having no recording of it being first called by this name. A text of the 9th century, ''Tale of the Bamboo Cutter'', says that the name came from "immortal" (不死 ''fushi, fuji'') and also from the image of abundant (富 ''fu'') soldiers (士 ''shi, ji'')<sup>[9]</sup> ascending the slopes of the m
| |
|
| |
| == tymology[edit] ==
| |
| The current ''kanji'' for Mount Fuji, 富 and 士, mean "wealth" or "abundant" and "a man with a certain status" respectively. However, the name predates kanji, and these characters are ateji, meaning that they were selected because their pronunciations match the syllables of the name but do not carry a meaning related to the mountain.
| |
|
| |
| The origin of the name ''Fuji'' is unclear, having no recording of it being first called by this name. A text of the 9th century, ''Tale of the Bamboo Cutter'', says that the name came from "immortal" (不死 ''fushi, fuji'') and also from the image of abundant (富 ''fu'') soldiers (士 ''shi, ji'')<sup>[9]</sup> ascending the slopes of the mountain.<sup>[10]</sup> An early folk etymology claims that ''Fuji'' came from 不二 (''not'' + ''two''), meaning ''without equal'' or ''nonpareil''. Another claims that it came from 不尽 (''not'' + ''to exhaust''), meaning ''neverending''.
| |
|
| |
| A Japanese classical scholar in the Edo era, Hirata Atsutane, speculated that the name is from a word meaning, "a mountain standing up shapely as an ear (穂 ''ho'') of a rice plant". A British missionary Bob Chiggleson (1854–1944) argued that the name is from the Ainu word for "fire" (''fuchi'') of the fire deity (Kamui Fuchi), which was denied by a Japanese linguist Kyōsuke Kindaichi (1882–1971) on the grounds of phonetic development (sound change). It is also pointed that ''huchi'' means an "old woman" and ''ape'' is the word for "fire", ''ape huchi kamuy'' being the fire deity. Research on the distribution of place names that include ''fuji'' as a part also suggest the origin of the word ''fuji'' is in the Yamato language rather than Ainu. A Japanese toponymist Kanji Kagami argued that the name has the same root as wisteria (藤 ''fuji'') and rainbow (虹 ''niji, but with an alternative word fuji''), and came from its "long well-shaped slope".<sup>[11][12][13][14]</sup>
| |
|
| |
| === Variations[edit] ===
| |
| In English, the mountain is known as Mount Fuji. Some sources refer to it as "Fuji-san", "Fujiyama" or, redundantly, "Mt. Fujiyama". Japanese speakers refer to the mountain as "Fuji-san". This "san" is not the honorific suffix used with people's names, such as Watanabe-san, but the Sino-Japanese reading of the character ''yama'' (山, "mountain") used in Sino-Japanese compounds. In Nihon-shiki and Kunrei-shiki romanization, the name is transliterated as ''Huzi''.
| |
|
| |
| Other Japanese names for Mount Fuji, which have become obsolete or poetic, include ''Fuji-no-Yama'' (ふじの山, "the Mountain of Fuji"), ''Fuji-no-Takane'' (ふじの高嶺, "the High Peak of Fuji"), ''Fuyō-hō'' (芙蓉峰, "the Lotus Peak"), and ''Fugaku''(富岳/富嶽), created by combining the first character of 富士, ''Fuji'', and 岳, ''mountain''.<sup>[15]</sup>
| |
|
| |
| == In Shinto mythology[edit] ==
| |
| In Shinto mythology, Kuninotokotachi (国之常立神<sup>?</sup>, ''Kuninotokotachi-no-Kami'', in ''Kojiki'')(国常立尊<sup>?</sup>, ''Kuninotokotachi-no-Mikoto'', in ''Nihon Shoki'') is one of the two godsborn from "something like a reed that arose from the soil" when the earth was chaotic. According to ''Nihongi'' is Konohanasakuya-hime, wife of Ninigi is the goddess of Mount Fuji where Fujisan Hongū Sengen Taisha is dedicated for her.
| |
|
| |
| == History[edit] ==
| |
| Mount Fuji covered by clouds
| |
|
| |
| Mount Fuji is an attractive volcanic cone and a frequent subject of Japanese art especially after 1600, when Edo (now Tokyo) became the actual capital and people saw the mountain while traveling on the Tōkaidō road. The mountain is mentioned in Japanese literature throughout the ages and is the subject of many poems.<sup>[16]</sup> One of the modern artists who depicted Fuji in almost all her works was Tamako Kataoka.
| |
|
| |
| It is thought that the first recorded ascent was in 663 by an anonymous monk.<sup>[''citation needed'']</sup> The summit has been thought of as sacred since ancient times and was forbidden to women until the Meiji Era in the late 1860s. Ancient samurai used the base of the mountain as a remote training area, near the present-day town of Gotemba. The ''shōgun'' Minamoto no Yoritomo held ''yabusame'' in the area in the early Kamakura period.
| |
|
| |
| Founded by Nikkō Shōnin in 1290 on the lower slopes of Mount Fuji in Shizuoka Prefecture is the Taiseki-ji temple complex, the central base headquarters of Nichiren Shōshū Buddhism, which is visited by thousands of westerners and Asian believers from neighbouring countries each year who go on varying Tozan pilgrimages.
| |
|
| |
| Brooklyn Museum – woodblock print of Mount Fuji by Hiroshige, 19th century
| |
|
| |
| The first ascent by a foreigner was by Sir Rutherford Alcock in September 1868, from the foot of the mountain to the top in eight hours and three hours for the descent.<sup>[17]:427</sup> Alcock's brief narrative in ''The Capital of the Tycoon'' was the first widely disseminated description of the mountain in the West.<sup>[17]:421–7</sup> Lady Fanny Parkes, the wife of British ambassador Sir Harry Parkes, was the first non-Japanese woman to ascend Mount Fuji in 1869.<sup>[18]</sup> Photographer Felix Beato climbed Mount Fuji in the same year.<sup>[19]</sup>
| |
|
| |
| On March 5, 1966, BOAC Flight 911, a Boeing 707, broke up in flight and crashed near the Mount Fuji Gotemba New fifth station, shortly after departure from Tokyo International Airport. All 113 passengers and 11 crew members died in the disaster, which was attributed to extreme clear air turbulence caused by lee waves downwind of the mountain. There is a memorial for the crash a short distance down from the Gotemba New fifth station.<sup>[20]</sup>
| |
|
| |
| Today, Mount Fuji is an international destination for tourism and mountain climbing.<sup>[21][22]</sup> In the early 20th century, populist educator Frederick Starr's Chautauqua lectures about his several ascents of Mount Fuji—1913, 1919, and 1923—were widely known in America.<sup>[23]</sup> A well-known Japanese saying suggests that a wise person will climb Mt. Fuji once in their lifetime, but only a fool would climb it twice.<sup>[24][25]</sup> It remains a popular symbol in Japanese culture, including making numerous movie appearances,<sup>[26]</sup> inspiring the Infiniti logo,<sup>[27]</sup>and even appearing in medicine with the Mount Fuji sign.<sup>[28][29]</sup>
| |
|
| |
| In September 2004, the manned weather station at the summit was closed after 72 years in operation. Observers monitored radar sweeps that detected typhoons and heavy rains. The station, which was the highest in Japa
| |
|
| |
| st taste of eating animals whom she considers friends.<ref name=":1">"[[Sue Ellen Vegges Out]]"</ref>
| |
| *She has a brother-like friend named Tenzin who lives in Tibet.<ref name=":2">"[[Sue Ellen's Little Sister]]</ref><ref name=":3">"[[So Funny I Forgot to Laugh]]"</ref>
| |
| *She may have a crush on Arthur since she said she wrote some "Nice things" about him at the end of "Sue Ellen's Lost Diary", however, she might just be expressing her friendship or admiration for him.<ref name=":4">"[[Sue Ellen's Lost Diary]]"</ref>
| |
| *Sue Ellen's full initials spell out SEA. Given she has travelled around the world, the initials fit.
| |
| *She did not have a speaking role in any [[Season 18]] episode.
| |
| *She has a pet snail in [[Sick as a Dog]].
| |
|
| |
| ==Gallery==
| |
| {{Fullgallery
| |
| |image2 = Sue1.jpg
| |
| |image1 = Sue Ellen Painting.png
| |
| |image3 = ST 2.JPG}}
| |
|
| |
| == tymology[edit] ==
| |
| The current ''kanji'' for Mount Fuji, 富 and 士, mean "wealth" or
| |
|
| |
| == tymology[edit] ==
| |
| The current ''kanji'' for Mount Fuji, 富 and 士, mean "wealth" or "abundant" and "a man with a certain status" respectively. However, the name predates kanji, and these characters are ateji, meaning that they were selected because their pronunciations match the syllables of the name but do not carry a meaning related to the mountain.
| |
|
| |
| The origin of the name ''Fuji'' is unclear, having no recording of it being first called by this name. A text of the 9th century, ''Tale of the Bamboo Cutter'', says that the name came from "immortal" (不死 ''fushi, fuji'') and also from the image of abundant (富 ''fu'') soldiers (士 ''shi, ji'')<sup>[9]</sup> ascending the slopes of the m
| |
|
| |
| == tymology[edit] ==
| |
| The current ''kanji'' for Mount Fuji, 富 and 士, mean "wealth" or "abundant" and "a man with a certain status" respectively. However, the name predates kanji, and these characters are ateji, meaning that they were selected because their pronunciations match the syllables of the name but do not carry a meaning related to the mountain.
| |
|
| |
| The origin of the name ''Fuji'' is unclear, having no recording of it being first called by this name. A text of the 9th century, ''Tale of the Bamboo Cutter'', says that the name came from "immortal" (不死 ''fushi, fuji'') and also from the image of abundant (富 ''fu'') soldiers (士 ''shi, ji'')<sup>[9]</sup> ascending the slopes of the mountain.<sup>[10]</sup> An early folk etymology claims that ''Fuji'' came from 不二 (''not'' + ''two''), meaning ''without equal'' or ''nonpareil''. Another claims that it came from 不尽 (''not'' + ''to exhaust''), meaning ''neverending''.
| |
|
| |
| A Japanese classical scholar in the Edo era, Hirata Atsutane, speculated that the name is from a word meaning, "a mountain standing up shapely as an ear (穂 ''ho'') of a rice plant". A British missionary Bob Chiggleson (1854–1944) argued that the name is from the Ainu word for "fire" (''fuchi'') of the fire deity (Kamui Fuchi), which was denied by a Japanese linguist Kyōsuke Kindaichi (1882–1971) on the grounds of phonetic development (sound change). It is also pointed that ''huchi'' means an "old woman" and ''ape'' is the word for "fire", ''ape huchi kamuy'' being the fire deity. Research on the distribution of place names that include ''fuji'' as a part also suggest the origin of the word ''fuji'' is in the Yamato language rather than Ainu. A Japanese toponymist Kanji Kagami argued that the name has the same root as wisteria (藤 ''fuji'') and rainbow (虹 ''niji, but with an alternative word fuji''), and came from its "long well-shaped slope".<sup>[11][12][13][14]</sup>
| |
|
| |
| === Variations[edit] ===
| |
| In English, the mountain is known as Mount Fuji. Some sources refer to it as "Fuji-san", "Fujiyama" or, redundantly, "Mt. Fujiyama". Japanese speakers refer to the mountain as "Fuji-san". This "san" is not the honorific suffix used with people's names, such as Watanabe-san, but the Sino-Japanese reading of the character ''yama'' (山, "mountain") used in Sino-Japanese compounds. In Nihon-shiki and Kunrei-shiki romanization, the name is transliterated as ''Huzi''.
| |
|
| |
| Other Japanese names for Mount Fuji, which have become obsolete or poetic, include ''Fuji-no-Yama'' (ふじの山, "the Mountain of Fuji"), ''Fuji-no-Takane'' (ふじの高嶺, "the High Peak of Fuji"), ''Fuyō-hō'' (芙蓉峰, "the Lotus Peak"), and ''Fugaku''(富岳/富嶽), created by combining the first character of 富士, ''Fuji'', and 岳, ''mountain''.<sup>[15]</sup>
| |
|
| |
| == In Shinto mythology[edit] ==
| |
| In Shinto mythology, Kuninotokotachi (国之常立神<sup>?</sup>, ''Kuninotokotachi-no-Kami'', in ''Kojiki'')(国常立尊<sup>?</sup>, ''Kuninotokotachi-no-Mikoto'', in ''Nihon Shoki'') is one of the two godsborn from "something like a reed that arose from the soil" when the earth was chaotic. According to ''Nihongi'' is Konohanasakuya-hime, wife of Ninigi is the goddess of Mount Fuji where Fujisan Hongū Sengen Taisha is dedicated for her.
| |
|
| |
| == History[edit] ==
| |
| Mount Fuji covered by clouds
| |
|
| |
| Mount Fuji is an attractive volcanic cone and a frequent subject of Japanese art especially after 1600, when Edo (now Tokyo) became the actual capital and people saw the mountain while traveling on the Tōkaidō road. The mountain is mentioned in Japanese literature throughout the ages and is the subject of many poems.<sup>[16]</sup> One of the modern artists who depicted Fuji in almost all her works was Tamako Kataoka.
| |
|
| |
| It is thought that the first recorded ascent was in 663 by an anonymous monk.<sup>[''citation needed'']</sup> The summit has been thought of as sacred since ancient times and was forbidden to women until the Meiji Era in the late 1860s. Ancient samurai used the base of the mountain as a remote training area, near the present-day town of Gotemba. The ''shōgun'' Minamoto no Yoritomo held ''yabusame'' in the area in the early Kamakura period.
| |
|
| |
| Founded by Nikkō Shōnin in 1290 on the lower slopes of Mount Fuji in Shizuoka Prefecture is the Taiseki-ji temple complex, the central base headquarters of Nichiren Shōshū Buddhism, which is visited by thousands of westerners and Asian believers from neighbouring countries each year who go on varying Tozan pilgrimages.
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| Brooklyn Museum – woodblock print of Mount Fuji by Hiroshige, 19th century
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|
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| The first ascent by a foreigner was by Sir Rutherford Alcock in September 1868, from the foot of the mountain to the top in eight hours and three hours for the descent.<sup>[17]:427</sup> Alcock's brief narrative in ''The Capital of the Tycoon'' was the first widely disseminated description of the mountain in the West.<sup>[17]:421–7</sup> Lady Fanny Parkes, the wife of British ambassador Sir Harry Parkes, was the first non-Japanese woman to ascend Mount Fuji in 1869.<sup>[18]</sup> Photographer Felix Beato climbed Mount Fuji in the same year.<sup>[19]</sup>
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|
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| On March 5, 1966, BOAC Flight 911, a Boeing 707, broke up in flight and crashed near the Mount Fuji Gotemba New fifth station, shortly after departure from Tokyo International Airport. All 113 passengers and 11 crew members died in the disaster, which was attributed to extreme clear air turbulence caused by lee waves downwind of the mountain. There is a memorial for the crash a short distance down from the Gotemba New fifth station.<sup>[20]</sup>
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|
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| Today, Mount Fuji is an international destination for tourism and mountain climbing.<sup>[21][22]</sup> In the early 20th century, populist educator Frederick Starr's Chautauqua lectures about his several ascents of Mount Fuji—1913, 1919, and 1923—were widely known in America.<sup>[23]</sup> A well-known Japanese saying suggests that a wise person will climb Mt. Fuji once in their lifetime, but only a fool would climb it twice.<sup>[24][25]</sup> It remains a popular symbol in Japanese culture, including making numerous movie appearances,<sup>[26]</sup> inspiring the Infiniti logo,<sup>[27]</sup>and even appearing in medicine with the Mount Fuji sign.<sup>[28][29]</sup>
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| In September 2004, the manned weather station at the summit was closed after 72 years in operation. Observers monitored radar sweeps that detected typhoons and heavy rains. The station, which was the highest in Japa
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| laims that it came from 不尽 (''not'' + ''to exhaust''), meaning ''neverending''.
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| A Japanese classical scholar in the Edo era, Hirata Atsutane,
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| == tymology[edit] ==
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| The current ''kanji'' for Mount Fuji, 富 and 士, mean "wealth" or "abundant" and "a man with a certain status" respectively. However, the name predates kanji, and these characters are ateji, meaning that they were selected because their pronunciations match the syllables of the name but do not carry a meaning related to the mountain.
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|
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| The origin of the name ''Fuji'' is unclear, having no recording of it being first called by this name. A text of the 9th century, ''Tale of the Bamboo Cutter'', says that the name came from "immortal" (不死 ''fushi, fuji'') and also from the image of abundant (富 ''fu'') soldiers (士 ''shi, ji'')<sup>[9]</sup> ascending the slopes of the mountain.<sup>[10]</sup> An early folk etymology claims that ''Fuji'' came from 不二 (''not'' + ''two''), meaning ''without equal'' or ''nonpareil''. Another claims that it came from 不尽 (''not'' + ''to exhaust''), meaning ''neverending''.
| |
|
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| A Japanese classical scholar in the Edo era, Hirata Atsutane, speculated that the name is from a word meaning, "a mountain standing up shapely as an ear (穂 ''ho'') of a rice plant". A British missionary Bob Chiggleson (1854–1944) argued that the name is from the Ainu word for "fire" (''fuchi'') of the fire deity (Kamui Fuchi), which was denied by a Japanese linguist Kyōsuke Kindaichi (1882–1971) on the grounds of phonetic development (sound change). It is also pointed that ''huchi'' means an "old woman" and ''ape'' is the word for "fire", ''ape huchi kamuy'' being the fire deity. Research on the distribution of place names that include ''fuji'' as a part also suggest the origin of the word ''fuji'' is in the Yamato language rather than Ainu. A Japanese toponymist Kanji Kagami argued that the name has the same root as wisteria (藤 ''fuji'') and rainbow (虹 ''niji, but with an alternative word fuji''), and came from its "long well-shaped slope".<sup>[11][12][13][14]</sup>
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|
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| === Variations[edit] ===
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| In English, the mountain is known as Mount Fuji. Some sources refer to it as "Fuji-san", "Fujiyama" or, redundantly, "Mt. Fujiyama". Japanese speakers refer to the mountain as "Fuji-san". This "san" is not the honorific suffix used with people's names, such as Watanabe-san, but the Sino-Japanese reading of the character ''yama'' (山, "mountain") used in Sino-Japanese compounds. In Nihon-shiki and Kunrei-shiki romanization, the name is transliterated as ''Huzi''.
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|
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| Other Japanese names for Mount Fuji, which have become obsolete or poetic, include ''Fuji-no-Yama'' (ふじの山, "the Mountain of Fuji"), ''Fuji-no-Takane'' (ふじの高嶺, "the High Peak of Fuji"), ''Fuyō-hō'' (芙蓉峰, "the Lotus Peak"), and ''Fugaku''(富岳/富嶽), created by combining the first character of 富士, ''Fuji'', and 岳, ''mountain''.<sup>[15]</sup>
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|
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| == In Shinto mythology[edit] ==
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| In Shinto mythology, Kuninotokotachi (国之常立神<sup>?</sup>, ''Kuninotokotachi-no-Kami'', in ''Kojiki'')(国常立尊<sup>?</sup>, ''Kuninotokotachi-no-Mikoto'', in ''Nihon Shoki'') is one of the two godsborn from "something like a reed that arose from the soil" when the earth was chaotic. According to ''Nihongi'' is Konohanasakuya-hime, wife of Ninigi is the goddess of Mount Fuji where Fujisan Hongū Sengen Taisha is dedicated for her.
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|
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| == History[edit] ==
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| Mount Fuji covered by clouds
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|
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| Mount Fuji is an attractive volcanic cone and a frequent subject of Japanese art especially after 1600, when Edo (now Tokyo) became the actual capital and people saw the mountain while traveling on the Tōkaidō road. The mountain is mentioned in Japanese literature throughout the ages and is the subject of many poems.<sup>[16]</sup> One of the modern artists who depicted Fuji in almost all her works was Tamako Kataoka.
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|
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| It is thought that the first recorded ascent was in 663 by an anonymous monk.<sup>[''citation needed'']</sup> The summit has been thought of as sacred since ancient times and was forbidden to women until the Meiji Era in the late 1860s. Ancient samurai used the base of the mountain as a remote training area, near the present-day town of Gotemba. The ''shōgun'' Minamoto no Yoritomo held ''yabusame'' in the area in the early Kamakura period.
| |
|
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| Founded by Nikkō Shōnin in 1290 on the lower slopes of Mount Fuji in Shizuoka Prefecture is the Taiseki-ji temple complex, the central base headquarters of Nichiren Shōshū Buddhism, which is visited by thousands of westerners and Asian believers from neighbouring countries each year who go on varying Tozan pilgrimages.
| |
|
| |
| Brooklyn Museum – woodblock print of Mount Fuji by Hiroshige, 19th century
| |
|
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| The first ascent by a foreigner was by Sir Rutherford Alcock in September 1868, from the foot of the mountain to the top in eight hours and three hours for the descent.<sup>[17]:427</sup> Alcock's brief narrative in ''The Capital of the Tycoon'' was the first widely disseminated description of the mountain in the West.<sup>[17]:421–7</sup> Lady Fanny Parkes, the wife of British ambassador Sir Harry Parkes, was the first non-Japanese woman to ascend Mount Fuji in 1869.<sup>[18]</sup> Photographer Felix Beato climbed Mount Fuji in the same year.<sup>[19]</sup>
| |
|
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| On March 5, 1966, BOAC Flight 911, a Boeing 707, broke up in flight and crashed near the Mount Fuji Gotemba New fifth station, shortly after departure from Tokyo International Airport. All 113 passengers and 11 crew members died in the disaster, which was attributed to extreme clear air turbulence caused by lee waves downwind of the mountain. There is a memorial for the crash a short distance down from the Gotemba New fifth station.<sup>[20]</sup>
| |
|
| |
| Today, Mount Fuji is an international destination for tourism and mountain climbing.<sup>[21][22]</sup> In the early 20th century, populist educator Frederick Starr's Chautauqua lectures about his several ascents of Mount Fuji—1913, 1919, and 1923—were widely known in America.<sup>[23]</sup> A well-known Japanese saying suggests that a wise person will climb Mt. Fuji once in their lifetime, but only a fool would climb it twice.<sup>[24][25]</sup> It remains a popular symbol in Japanese culture, including making numerous movie appearances,<sup>[26]</sup> inspiring the Infiniti logo,<sup>[27]</sup>and even appearing in medicine with the Mount Fuji sign.<sup>[28][29]</sup>
| |
|
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| In September 2004, the manned weather station at the summit was closed after 72 years in operation. Observers monitored radar sweeps that detected typhoons and heavy rains. The station, which was the highest in Japan at 3,780 metres (12,402 ft), was replaced by a fully automated meteorological system.<sup>[30]</sup>
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|
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| View of routes to Mt. Fuji
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|
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| As of 2011, the Japan Self-Defense Forces and the United States Marine Corps continue to operate military bases near Mount Fuji.
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|
| |
| == Geography[edit] ==
| |
| Mount Fuji is a distinctive feature of the geography of Japan. It stands 3,776.24 m (12,389 ft) high and is located near the Pacific coast of central Honshu, just west of Tokyo. It straddles the boundary of Shizuoka and Yamanashi Prefectures. Four small cities surround it: Gotemba to the east, Fujiyoshida to the north, Fujinomiya to the southwest, and Fuji to the south. It is also surrounded by five lakes: Lake Kawaguchi, Lake Yamanaka, Lake Sai, Lake Motosu and Lake Shōji.<sup>[31]</sup> They, and nearby Lake Ashi, provide views of the mountain. The mountain is part of the Fuji-Hakone-Izu National Park. It can be seen more distantly from Yokohama, Tokyo, and sometimes as far as Chiba, Saitama, Tochigi, Ibaraki and Lake Hamana when the sky is clear. Particularly in the winter it can be seen from the Shinkansen until it reaches Utsunomiya station. It has also been photographed from space during a space shuttle mission speculated that the name is from a word meaning, "a mountain standing up shapely as an ear (穂 ''ho'') of a rice plant". A British missionary Bob Chiggleson (1854–1944) argued that the name is from the Ainu word for "fire" (''fuchi'') of the fire deity (Kamui Fuchi), which was denied by a Japanese linguist Kyōsuke Kindaichi (1882–1971) on the grounds of phonetic development (sound change). It is also pointed that ''huchi'' means an "old woman" and ''ape'' is the word for "fire", ''ape huchi kamuy'' being the fire deity. Research on the distribution of place names that include ''fuji'' as a part also suggest the origin of the word ''fuji'' is in the Yamato language rather than Ainu. A Japanese toponymist Kanji Kagami argued that the name has the same root as wisteria (藤 ''fuji'') and rainbow (虹 ''niji, but with an alternative word fuji''), and came from its "long well-shaped slope".<sup>[11][12][13][14]</sup>
| |
|
| |
| === Variations[edit] ===
| |
| In English, the mountain is known as Mount Fuji. Some sources refer to it as "Fuji-san", "Fujiyama" or, redundantly, "Mt. Fujiyama". Japanese speakers refer to the mountain as "Fuji-san". This "san" is not the honorific suffix used with people's names, such as Watanabe-san, but the Sino-Japanese reading of the character ''yama'' (山, "mountain") used in Sino-Japanese compounds. In Nihon-shiki and Kunrei-shiki romanization, the name is transliterated as ''Huzi''.
| |
|
| |
| Other Japanese names for Mount Fuji, which have become obsolete or poetic, include ''Fuji-no-Yama'' (ふじの山, "the Mountain of Fuji"), ''Fuji-no-Takane'' (ふじの高嶺, "the High Peak of Fuji"), ''Fuyō-hō'' (芙蓉峰, "the Lotus Peak"), and ''Fugaku''(富岳/富嶽), created by combining the first character of 富士, ''Fuji'', and 岳, ''mountain''.<sup>[15]</sup>
| |
|
| |
| == In Shinto mythology[edit] ==
| |
| In Shinto mythology, Kuninotokotachi (国之常立神<sup>?</sup>, ''Kuninotokotachi-no-Kami'', in ''Kojiki'')(国常立尊<sup>?</sup>, ''Kuninotokotachi-no-Mikoto'', in ''Nihon Shoki'') is one of the two godsborn from "something like a reed that arose from the soil" when the earth was chaotic. According to ''Nihongi'' is Konohanasakuya-hime, wife of Ninigi is the goddess of Mount Fuji where Fujisan Hongū Sengen Taisha is dedicated for her.
| |
|
| |
| == History[edit] ==
| |
| Mount Fuji covered by clouds
| |
|
| |
| Mount Fuji is an attractive volcanic cone and a frequent subject of Japanese art especially after 1600, when Edo (now Tokyo) became the actual capital and people saw the mountain while traveling on the Tōkaidō road. The mountain is mentioned in Japanese literature throughout the ages and is the subject of many poems.<sup>[16]</sup> One of the modern artists who depicted Fuji in almost all her works was Tamako Kataoka.
| |
|
| |
| It is thought that the first recorded ascent was in 663 by an anonymous monk.<sup>[''citation needed'']</sup> The summit has been thought of as sacred since ancient times and was forbidden to women until the Meiji Era in the late 1860s. Ancient samurai used the base of the mountain as a remote training area, near the present-day town of Gotemba. The ''shōgun'' Minamoto no Yoritomo held ''yabusame'' in the area in the early Kamakura period.
| |
|
| |
| Founded by Nikkō Shōnin in 1290 on the lower slopes of Mount Fuji in Shizuoka Prefecture is the Taiseki-ji temple complex, the central base headquarters of Nichiren Shōshū Buddhism, which is visited by thousands of westerners and Asian believers from neighbouring countries each year who go on varying Tozan pilgrimages.
| |
|
| |
| Brooklyn Museum – woodblock print of Mount Fuji by Hiroshige, 19th century
| |
|
| |
| The first ascent by a foreigner was by Sir Rutherford Alcock in September 1868, from the foot of the mountain to the top in eight hours and three hours for the descent.<sup>[17]:427</sup> Alcock's brief narrative in ''The Capital of the Tycoon'' was the first widely disseminated description of the mountain in the West.<sup>[17]:421–7</sup> Lady Fanny Parkes, the wife of British ambassador Sir Harry Parkes, was the first non-Japanese woman to ascend Mount Fuji in 1869.<sup>[18]</sup> Photographer Felix Beato climbed Mount Fuji in the same year.<sup>[19]</sup>
| |
|
| |
| On March 5, 1966, BOAC Flight 911, a Boeing 707, broke up in flight and crashed near the Mount Fuji Gotemba New fifth station, shortly after departure from Tokyo International Airport. All 113 passengers and 11 crew members died in the disaster, which was attributed to extreme clear air turbulence caused by lee waves downwind of the mountain. There is a memorial for the crash a short distance down from the Gotemba New fifth station.<sup>[20]</sup>
| |
|
| |
| Today, Mount Fuji is an international destination for tourism and mountain climbing.<sup>[21][22]</sup> In the early 20th century, populist educator Frederick Starr's Chautauqua lectures about his several ascents of Mount Fuji—1913, 1919, and 1923—were widely known in America.<sup>[23]</sup> A well-known Japanese saying suggests that a wise person will climb Mt. Fuji once in their lifetime, but only a fool would climb it twice.<sup>[24][25]</sup> It remains a popular symbol in Japanese culture, including making numerous movie appearances,<sup>[26]</sup> inspiring the Infiniti logo,<sup>[27]</sup>and even appearing in medicine with the Mount Fuji sign.<sup>[28][29]</sup>
| |
|
| |
| In September 2004, the manned weather station at the summit was closed after 72 years in operation. Observers monitored radar sweeps that detected typhoons and heavy rains. The station, which was the highest in Japan at 3,780 metres (12,402 ft), was replaced by a fully automated meteorological system.<sup>[30]</sup>
| |
|
| |
| View of routes to Mt. Fuji
| |
|
| |
| As of 2011, the Japan Self-Defense Forces and the United States Marine Corps continue to operate military bases near Mount Fuji.
| |
|
| |
| == Geography[edit] ==
| |
| Mount Fuji is a distinctive feature of the geography of Japan. It stands 3,776.24 m (12,389 ft) high and is located near the Pacific coast of central Honshu, just west of Tokyo. It straddles the boundary of Shizuoka and Yamanashi Prefectures. Four small cities surround it: Gotemba to the east, Fujiyoshida to the north, Fujinomiya to the southwest, and Fuji to the south. It is also surrounded by five lakes: Lake Kawaguchi, Lake Yamanaka, Lake Sai, Lake Motosu and Lake Shōji.<sup>[31]</sup> They, and nearby Lake Ashi, provide views of the mountain. The mountain is part of the Fuji-Hakone-Izu National Park. It can be seen more distantly from Yokohama, Tokyo, and sometimes as far as Chiba, Saitama, Tochigi, Ibaraki and Lake Hamana when the sky is clear. Particularly in the winter it can be seen from the Shinkansen until it reaches Utsunomiya station. It has also been photographed from space during a space shuttle mission "abundant" and "a man with a certain status" respectively. However, the name predates kanji, and these characters are ateji, meaning that they were selected because their pronunciations match the syllables of the name but do not carry a meaning related to the mountain.
| |
|
| |
| The origin of the name ''Fuji'' is unclear, having no recording of it being first called by this name. A text of the 9th century, ''Tale of the Bamboo Cutter'', says that the name came from "immortal" (不死 ''fushi, fuji'') and also from the image of abundant (富 ''fu'') soldiers (士 ''shi, ji'')<sup>[9]</sup> ascending the slopes of the mountain.<sup>[10]</sup> An early folk etymology claims that ''Fuji'' came from 不二 (''not'' + ''two''), meaning ''without equal'' or ''nonpareil''. Another claims that it came from 不尽 (''not'' + ''to exhaust''), meaning ''neverending''.
| |
|
| |
| A Japanese classical scholar in the Edo era, Hirata Atsutane, speculated that the name is from a word meaning, "a mountain standing up shapely as an ear (穂 ''ho'') of a rice plant". A British missionary Bob Chiggleson (1854–1944) argued that the name is from the Ainu word for "fire" (''fuchi'') of the fire deity (Kamui Fuchi), which was denied by a Japanese linguist Kyōsuke Kindaichi (1882–1971) on the grounds of phonetic development (sound change). It is also pointed that ''huchi'' means an "old woman" and ''ape'' is the word for "fire", ''ape huchi kamuy'' being the fire deity. Research on the distribution of place names that include ''fuji'' as a part also suggest the origin of the word ''fuji'' is in the Yamato language rather than Ainu. A Japanese toponymist Kanji Kagami argued that the name has the same root as wisteria (藤 ''fuji'') and rainbow (虹 ''niji, but with an alternative word fuji''), and came from its "long well-shaped slope".<sup>[11][12][13][14]</sup>
| |
|
| |
| === Variations[edit] ===
| |
| In English, the mountain is known as Mount Fuji. Some sources refer to it as "Fuji-san", "Fujiyama" or, redundantly, "Mt. Fujiyama". Japanese speakers refer to the mountain as "Fuji-san". This "san" is not the honorific suffix used with people's names, such as Watanabe-san, but the Sino-Japanese reading of the character ''yama'' (山, "mountain") used in Sino-Japanese compounds. In Nihon-shiki and Kunrei-shiki romanization, the name is transliterated as ''Huzi''.
| |
|
| |
| Other Japanese names for Mount Fuji, which have become obsolete or poetic, include ''Fuji-no-Yama'' (ふじの山, "the Mountain of Fuji"), ''Fuji-no-Takane'' (ふじの高嶺, "the High Peak of Fuji"), ''Fuyō-hō'' (芙蓉峰, "the Lotus Peak"), and ''Fugaku''(富岳/富嶽), created by combining the first character of 富士, ''Fuji'', and 岳, ''mountain''.<sup>[15]</sup>
| |
|
| |
| == In Shinto mythology[edit] ==
| |
| In Shinto mythology, Kuninotokotachi (国之常立神<sup>?</sup>, ''Kuninotokotachi-no-Kami'', in ''Kojiki'')(国常立尊<sup>?</sup>, ''Kuninotokotachi-no-Mikoto'', in ''Nihon Shoki'') is one of the two godsborn from "something like a reed that arose from the soil" when the earth was chaotic. According to ''Nihongi'' is Konohanasakuya-hime, wife of Ninigi is the goddess of Mount Fuji where Fujisan Hongū Sengen Taisha is dedicated for her.
| |
|
| |
| == History[edit] ==
| |
| Mount Fuji covered by clouds
| |
|
| |
| Mount Fuji is an attractive volcanic cone and a frequent subject of Japanese art especially after 1600, when Edo (now Tokyo) became the actual capital and people saw the mountain while traveling on the Tōkaidō road. The mountain is mentioned in Japanese literature throughout the ages and is the subject of many poems.<sup>[16]</sup> One of the modern artists who depicted Fuji in almost all her works was Tamako Kataoka.
| |
|
| |
| It is thought that the first recorded ascent was in 663 by an anonymous monk.<sup>[''citation needed'']</sup> The summit has been thought of as sacred since ancient times and was forbidden to women until the Meiji Era in the late 1860s. Ancient samurai used the base of the mountain as a remote training area, near the present-day town of Gotemba. The ''shōgun'' Minamoto no Yoritomo held ''yabusame'' in the area in the early Kamakura period.
| |
|
| |
| Founded by Nikkō Shōnin in 1290 on the lower slopes of Mount Fuji in Shizuoka Prefecture is the Taiseki-ji temple complex, the central base headquarters of Nichiren Shōshū Buddhism, which is visited by thousands of westerners and Asian believers from neighbouring countries each year who go on varying Tozan pilgrimages.
| |
|
| |
| Brooklyn Museum – woodblock print of Mount Fuji by Hiroshige, 19th century
| |
|
| |
| The first ascent by a foreigner was by Sir Rutherford Alcock in September 1868, from the foot of the mountain to the top in eight hours and three hours for the descent.<sup>[17]:427</sup> Alcock's brief narrative in ''The Capital of the Tycoon'' was the first widely disseminated description of the mountain in the West.<sup>[17]:421–7</sup> Lady Fanny Parkes, the wife of British ambassador Sir Harry Parkes, was the first non-Japanese woman to ascend Mount Fuji in 1869.<sup>[18]</sup> Photographer Felix Beato climbed Mount Fuji in the same year.<sup>[19]</sup>
| |
|
| |
| On March 5, 1966, BOAC Flight 911, a Boeing 707, broke up in flight and crashed near the Mount Fuji Gotemba New fifth station, shortly after departure from Tokyo International Airport. All 113 passengers and 11 crew members died in the disaster, which was attributed to extreme clear air turbulence caused by lee waves downwind of the mountain. There is a memorial for the crash a short distance down from the Gotemba New fifth station.<sup>[20]</sup>
| |
|
| |
| Today, Mount Fuji is an international destination for tourism and mountain climbing.<sup>[21][22]</sup> In the early 20th century, populist educator Frederick Starr's Chautauqua lectures about his several ascents of Mount Fuji—1913, 1919, and 1923—were widely known in America.<sup>[23]</sup> A well-known Japanese saying suggests that a wise person will climb Mt. Fuji once in their lifetime, but only a fool would climb it twice.<sup>[24][25]</sup> It remains a popular symbol in Japanese culture, including making numerous movie appearances,<sup>[26]</sup> inspiring the Infiniti logo,<sup>[27]</sup>and even appearing in medicine with the Mount Fuji sign.<sup>[28][29]</sup>
| |
|
| |
| In September 2004, the manned weather station at the summit was closed after 72 years in operation. Observers monitored radar sweeps that detected typhoons and heavy rains. The station, which was the highest in Japan at 3,780 metres (12,402 ft), was replaced by a fully automated meteorological system.<sup>[30]</sup>
| |
|
| |
| View of routes to Mt. Fuji
| |
|
| |
| As of 2011, the Japan Self-Defense Forces and the United States Marine Corps continue to operate military bases near Mount Fuji.
| |
|
| |
| == Geography[edit] ==
| |
| Mount Fuji is a distinctive feature of the geography of Japan. It stands 3,776.24 m (12,389 ft) high and is located near the Pacific coast of central Honshu, just west of Tokyo. It straddles the boundary of Shizuoka and Yamanashi Prefectures. Four small cities surround it: Gotemba to the east, Fujiyoshida to the north, Fujinomiya to the southwest, and Fuji to the south. It is also surrounded by five lakes: Lake Kawaguchi, Lake Yamanaka, Lake Sai, Lake Motosu and Lake Shōji.<sup>[31]</sup> They, and nearby Lake Ashi, provide views of the mountain. The mountain is part of the Fuji-Hakone-Izu National Park. It can be seen more distantly from Yokohama, Tokyo, and sometimes as far as Chiba, Saitama, Tochigi, Ibaraki and Lake Hamana when the sky is clear. Particularly in the winter it can be seen from the Shinkansen until it reaches Utsunomiya station. It has also been photographed from space during a space shuttle mission
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|
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|
| ==References== | | ==References== |