Nigel Ratburn

Nigel Ratburn
[[File:data:image/jpeg;base64,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|250px]]
Gender	Male
Animal	Rat
Eye color	Brown
Hair color	Brown
Complexion	Brown (s1-s5, s16-present) Orange (s6-s15)
Favorite color	Magenta
Residence	Mr. Ratburn's House, Elwood City
Family	Rodentia Ratburn (sister) Lisa Ratburn (mother) Otto Ratburn (father) Rodentia Ratburn's child (niece or nephew) Olga Ratburn (grandmother) Hans Ratburn (grandfather)
Job	Teacher

Nigel Charles Ratburn (formerly Emil Ratburn) is a 3rd Grade teacher at Lakewood Elementary School.

Biography

Past life

When Mr. Ratburn was a baby, he wore on a light blue sweater with a white collar, a red bow tie, white cloth diapers with pins, and bright red shoes and blue socks.

As a kid, he had two outfits - a school uniform that was colored blue like Glenbrook Academy's dress code and the uniform that had the school's badge on it. Then, he had casual clothes that he wore to events, like the Father's Day picnic. They consisted of a blue buttoned shirt with a white shirt under it and blue pants.

He used to be a "fatty rat" (in his words when talking with Arthur in Arthur Weighs In) until he learned how to play ping-pong.

As a young adult, he attended Elwood City High School with Bailey, David Read, and Mr. Haney.

In "Arthur's Almost Boring Day", it was revealed that he was a member of the Elwood City High School Football team

In college, he was in a band called the "Ratburn Rats".

Future life

Not much has been seen about Mr. Ratburn's future. But in the future in the episode, "Buster Makes the Grade" happens, Mr. Ratburn will continue his career as a teacher at Lakewood Elementary. He announces he will be a 4th-grade teacher in season 19.

In Arthur's dream in "D.W. and the Beastly Birthday", Mr. Ratburn is seen four years in the future, with a beard and glasses. He wears a black suit and turtleneck sweater.

Physical appearance

• 

  Ratburn in seasons 1-5

• 

  Ratburn in seasons 6-15

• 

  Ratburn in seasons 16 to present

Mr. Ratburn's appearance consists of a green suit complete with a solid yellow shirt and bright red necktie (in the books, his uniform ranges to different colors). Being a rat, he has long whiskers, which he appears to keep trimmed.

He has brown clumps of h

☀Gay is a term that primarily refers to a Gay is a term that primarily refers to a homosexual person or the trait of being homosexual. The term was originally used to mean "carefree", "happy", or "bright and showy".

The term's use as a reference to homosexuality may date as early as the late 19th century, but its use gradually increased in the 20th century.^[1] In modern English, gay has come to be used as an adjective, and as a noun, referring to the people, especially to gay males, and the practices and cultures associated with homosexuality. By the end of the 20th century, the word gay was recommended by major LGBT groups and style guides to describe people attracted to members of the same sex.^[2][3]

At about the same time, a new, pejorative use became prevalent in some parts of the world. Among younger speakers, the word has a meaning ranging from derision (e.g., equivalent to rubbish or stupid) to a light-hearted mockery or ridicule (e.g., equivalent to weak, unmanly, or lame). In this use, the word rarely means "homosexual", as it is often used, for example, to refer to an inanimate object or abstract concept of which one disapproves. The extent to which these usages still retain connotations of homosexuality has been debated and harshly criticized.^[4][5]

Contents

 [hide] 

• 1History
  • 1.1Overview
  • 1.2Sexualization
  • 1.3Shift to specifically homosexual
• 2Homosexuality
  • 2.1Sexual orientation, identity, behavior
    • 2.1.1Terminology
  • 2.2Gay community vs. LGBT community
  • 2.3Descriptor
  • 2.4Use as a noun
• 3Generalized pejorative use
• 4Parallels in other languages
• 5See also
• 6References
• 7Further reading
• 8External links

History

Overview

Cartoon from Punch magazine in 1857 illustrating the use of "gay" as a colloquial euphemism for being a prostitute.^[6] One woman says to the other (who looks glum), "How long have you been gay?" The poster on the wall is for La Traviata, an opera about a courtesan.

The word gay arrived in English during the 12th century from Old French gai, most likely deriving ultimately from a Germanic source.^[1] In English, the word's primary meaning was "joyful", "carefree", "bright and showy", and the word was very commonly used with this meaning in speech and literature. For example, the optimistic 1890s are still often referred to as the Gay Nineties. The title of the 1938 French ballet Gaîté Parisienne ("Parisian Gaiety"), which became the 1941 Warner Brothers movie, The Gay Parisian,^[7] also illustrates this connotation. It was apparently not until the 20th century that the word began to be used to mean specifically "homosexual", although it had earlier acquired sexual connotations.^[1]

The derived abstract noun gaiety remains largely free of sexual connotations and has, in the past, been used in the names of places of entertainment; for example W.B. Yeats heard Oscar Wilde lecture at the Gaiety Theatre in Dublin.^[8]

Sexualization

homosexual person or the trait of being homosexual. The term was originally used to mean "carefree", "happy", or "bright and showy".

The term's use as a reference to homosexuality may date as early as the late 19th century, but its use gradually increased in the 20th century.^[1] In modern English, gay has coGay is a term that primarily refers to a homosexual person or the trait of being homosexual. The term was originallGay is a term that primarily refers to a homosexual person or the trait of being homosexual. The term was originally used to mean "carefree", "happy", or "bright and showy".

The term's use as a reference to homosexuality may date as early as the late 19th century, but its use gradually increased in the 20th century.^[1] In modern English, gay has come to be used as an adjective, and as a noun, referring to the people, especially to gay males, and the practices and cultures associated with homosexuality. By the end of the 20th century, the word gay was recommended by major LGBT groups and style guides to describe people attracted to members of the same sex.^[2][3]

At about the same time, a new, pejorative use became prevalent in some parts of the world. Among younger speakers, the word has a meaning ranging from derision (e.g., equivalent to rubbish or stupid) to a light-hearted mockery or ridicule (e.g., equivalent to weak, unmanly, or lame). In this use, the word rarely means "homosexual", as it is often used, for example, to refer to an inanimate object or abstract concept of which one disapproves. The extent to which these usages still retain connotations of homosexuality has been debated and harshly criticized.^[4][5]

Contents

 [hide] 

• 1History
  • 1.1Overview
  • 1.2Sexualization
  • 1.3Shift to specifically homosexual
• 2Homosexuality
  • 2.1Sexual orientation, identity, behavior
    • 2.1.1Terminology
  • 2.2Gay community vs. LGBT community
  • 2.3Descriptor
  • 2.4Use as a noun
• 3Generalized pejorative use
• 4Parallels in other languages
• 5See also
• 6References
• 7Further reading
• 8External links

History

Overview

Cartoon from Punch magazine in 1857 illustrating the use of "gay" as a colloquial euphemism for being a prostitute.^[6] One woman says to the other (who looks glum), "How long have you been gay?" The poster on the wall is for La Traviata, an opera about a courtesan.

The word gay arrived in English during the 12th century from Old French gai, most likely deriving ultimately from a Germanic source.^[1] In English, the word's primary meaning was "joyful", "carefree", "bright and showy", and the word was very commonly used with this meaning in speech and literature. For example, the optimistic 1890s are still often referred to as the Gay Nineties. The title of the 1938 French ballet Gaîté Parisienne ("Parisian Gaiety"), which became the 1941 Warner Brothers movie, The Gay Parisian,^[7] also illustrates this connotation. It was apparently not until the 20th century that the word began to be used to mean specifically "homosexual", although it had earlier acquired sexual connotations.^[1]

The derived abstract noun gaiety remains largely free of sexual connotations and has, in the past, been used in the names of places of entertainment; for example W.B. Yeats heard Oscar Wilde lecture at the Gaiety Theatre in Dublin.^[8]

Sexualization

Gay is a term that primarily refers to a homosexual person or the trait of being homosexual. The term was originally used to mean "carefree", "happy", or "bright and showy".

The term's use as a reference to homosexuality may date as early as the late 19th century, but its use gradually increased in the 20th century.^[1] In modern English, gay has come to be used as an adjective, and as a noun, referring to the people, especially to gay males, and the practices and cultures associated with homosexuality. By the end of the 20th century, the word gay was recommended by major LGBT groups and style guides to describe people attracted to members of the same sex.^[2][3]

At about the same time, a new, pejorative use became prevalent in some parts of the world. Among younger speakers, the word has a meaning ranging from derision (e.g., equivalent to rubbish or stupid) to a light-hearted mockery or ridicule (e.g., equivalent to weak, unmanly, or lame). In this use, the word rarely means "homosexual", as it is often used, for example, to refer to an inanimate object or abstract concept of which one disapproves. The extent to which these usages still retain connotations of homosexuality has been debated and harshly criticized.^[4][5]

Contents

 [hide] 

• 1History
  • 1.1Overview
  • 1.2Sexualization
  • 1.3Shift to specifically homosexual
• 2Homosexuality
  • 2.1Sexual orientation, identity, behavior
    • 2.1.1Terminology
  • 2.2Gay community vs. LGBT community
  • 2.3Descriptor
  • 2.4Use as a noun
• 3Generalized pejorative use
• 4Parallels in other languages
• 5See also
• 6References
• 7Further reading
• 8External links

History

Overview

Cartoon from Punch magazine in 1857 illustrating the use of "gay" as a colloquial euphemism for being a prostitute.^[6] One woman says to the other (who looks glum), "How long have you been gay?" The poster on the wall is for La Traviata, an opera about a courtesan.

The word gay arrived in English during the 12th century from Old French gai, most likely deriving ultimately from a Germanic source.^[1] In English, the word's primary meaning was "joyful", "carefree", "bright and showy", and the word was very commonly used with this meaning in speech and literature. For example, the optimistic 1890s are still often referred to as the Gay Nineties. The title of the 1938 French ballet Gaîté Parisienne ("Parisian Gaiety"), which became the 1941 Warner Brothers movie, The Gay Parisian,^[7] also illustrates this connotation. It was apparently not until the 20th century that the word began to be used to mean specifically "homosexual", although it had earlier acquired sexual connotations.^[1]

The derived abstract noun gaiety remains largely free of sexual connotations and has, in the past, been used in the names of places of entertainment; for example W.B. Yeats heard Oscar Wilde lecture at the Gaiety Theatre in Dublin.^[8]

Sexualization

Gay is a term that primarily refers to a homosexual person or the trait of being homosexual. The term was originally used to mean "carefree", "happy", or "bright and showy".

The term's use as a reference to homosexuality may date as early as the late 19th century, but its use gradually increased in the 20th century.^[1] In modern English, gay has come to be used as an adjective, and as a noun, referring to the people, especially to gay males, and the practices and cultures associated with homosexuality. By the end of the 20th century, the word gay was recommended by major LGBT groups and style guides to describe people attracted to members of the same sex.^[2][3]

At about the same time, a new, pejorative use became prevalent in some parts of the world. Among younger speakers, the word has a meaning ranging from derision (e.g., equivalent to rubbish or stupid) to a light-hearted mockery or ridicule (e.g., equivalent to weak, unmanly, or lame). In this use, the word rarely means "homosexual", as it is often used, for example, to refer to an inanimate object or abstract concept of which one disapproves. The extent to which these usages still retain connotations of homosexuality has been debated and harshly criticized.^[4][5]

Contents

 [hide] 

• 1History
  • 1.1Overview
  • 1.2Sexualization
  • 1.3Shift to specifically homosexual
• 2Homosexuality
  • 2.1Sexual orientation, identity, behavior
    • 2.1.1Terminology
  • 2.2Gay community vs. LGBT community
  • 2.3Descriptor
  • 2.4Use as a noun
• 3Generalized pejorative use
• 4Parallels in other languages
• 5See also
• 6References
• 7Further reading
• 8External links

History

Overview

Cartoon from Punch magazine in 1857 illustrating the use of "gay" as a colloquial euphemism for being a prostitute.^[6] One woman says to the other (who looks glum), "How long have you been gay?" The poster on the wall is for La Traviata, an opera about a courtesan.

The word gay arrived in English during the 12th century from Old French gai, most likely deriving ultimately from a Germanic source.^[1] In English, the word's primary meaning was "joyful", "carefree", "bright and showy", and the word was very commonly used with this meaning in speech and literature. For example, the optimistic 1890s are still often referred to as the Gay Nineties. The title of the 1938 French ballet Gaîté Parisienne ("Parisian Gaiety"), which became the 1941 Warner Brothers movie, The Gay Parisian,^[7] also illustrates this connotation. It was apparently not until the 20th century that the word began to be used to mean specifically "homosexual", although it had earlier acquired sexual connotations.^[1]

The derived abstract noun gaiety remains largely free of sexual connotations and has, in the past, been used in the names of places of entertainment; for example W.B. Yeats heard Oscar Wilde lecture at the Gaiety Theatre in Dublin.^[8]

Sexualization

Gay is a term that primarily refers to a homosexual person or the trait of being homosexual. The term was originally used to mean "carefree", "happy", or "bright and showy".

The term's use as a reference to homosexuality may date as early as the late 19th century, but its use gradually increased in the 20th century.^[1] In modern English, gay has come to be used as an adjective, and as a noun, referring to the people, especially to gay males, and the practices and cultures associated with homosexuality. By the end of the 20th century, the word gay was recommended by major LGBT groups and style guides to describe people attracted to members of the same sex.^[2][3]

At about the same time, a new, pejorative use became prevalent in some parts of the world. Among younger speakers, the word has a meaning ranging from derision (e.g., equivalent to rubbish or stupid) to a light-hearted mockery or ridicule (e.g., equivalent to weak, unmanly, or lame). In this use, the word rarely means "homosexual", as it is often used, for example, to refer to an inanimate object or abstract concept of which one disapproves. The extent to which these usages still retain connotations of homosexuality has been debated and harshly criticized.^[4][5]

Contents

 [hide] 

• 1History
  • 1.1Overview
  • 1.2Sexualization
  • 1.3Shift to specifically homosexual
• 2Homosexuality
  • 2.1Sexual orientation, identity, behavior
    • 2.1.1Terminology
  • 2.2Gay community vs. LGBT community
  • 2.3Descriptor
  • 2.4Use as a noun
• 3Generalized pejorative use
• 4Parallels in other languages
• 5See also
• 6References
• 7Further reading
• 8External links

History

Overview

Cartoon from Punch magazine in 1857 illustrating the use of "gay" as a colloquial euphemism for being a prostitute.^[6] One woman says to the other (who looks glum), "How long have you been gay?" The poster on the wall is for La Traviata, an opera about a courtesan.

The word gay arrived in English during the 12th century from Old French gai, most likely deriving ultimately from a Germanic source.^[1] In English, the word's primary meaning was "joyful", "carefree", "bright and showy", and the word was very commonly used with this meaning in speech and literature. For example, the optimistic 1890s are still often referred to as the Gay Nineties. The title of the 1938 French ballet Gaîté Parisienne ("Parisian Gaiety"), which became the 1941 Warner Brothers movie, The Gay Parisian,^[7] also illustrates this connotation. It was apparently not until the 20th century that the word began to be used to mean specifically "homosexual", although it had earlier acquired sexual connotations.^[1]

The derived abstract noun gaiety remains largely free of sexual connotations and has, in the past, been used in the names of places of entertainment; for example W.B. Yeats heard Oscar Wilde lecture at the Gaiety Theatre in Dublin.^[8]

Sexualization

y used to mean "carefree", "happy", or "bright and showy".

The term's use as a reference to homosexuality may date as early as the late 19th century, but its use gradually increased in the 20th century.^[1] In modern English, gay has come to be used as an adjective, and as a noun, referring to the people, especially to gay males, and the practices and cultures associated with homosexuality. By the end of the 20th century, the word gay was recommended by major LGBT groups and style guides to describe people attracted to members of the same sex.^[2][3]

At about the same time, a new, pejorative use became prevalent in some parts of the world. Among younger speakers, the word has a meaning ranging from derision (e.g., equivalent to rubbish or stupid) to a light-hearted mockery or ridicule (e.g., equivalent to weak, unmanly, or lame). In this use, the word rarely means "homosexual", as it is often used, for example, to refer to an inanimate object or abstract concept of which one disapproves. The extent to which these usages still retain connotations of homosexuality has been debated and harshly criticized.^[4][5]

Contents

 [hide] 

• 1History
  • 1.1Overview
  • 1.2Sexualization
  • 1.3Shift to specifically homosexual
• 2Homosexuality
  • 2.1Sexual orientation, identity, behavior
    • 2.1.1Terminology
  • 2.2Gay community vs. LGBT community
  • 2.3Descriptor
  • 2.4Use as a noun
• 3Generalized pejorative use
• 4Parallels in other languages
• 5See also
• 6References
• 7Further reading
• 8External links

History

Overview

Cartoon from Punch magazine in 1857 illustrating the use of "gay" as a colloquial euphemism for being a prostitute.^[6] One woman says to the other (who looks glum), "How long have you been gay?" The poster on the wall is for La Traviata, an opera about a courtesan.

The word gay arrived in English during the 12th century from Old French gai, most likely deriving ultimately from a Germanic source.^[1] In English, the word's primary meaning was "joyful", "carefree", "bright and showy", and the word was very commonly used with this meaning in speech and literature. For example, the optimistic 1890s are still often referred to as the Gay Nineties. The title of the 1938 French ballet Gaîté Parisienne ("Parisian Gaiety"), which became the 1941 Warner Brothers movie, The Gay Parisian,^[7] also illustrates this connotation. It was apparently not until the 20th century that the word began to be used to mean specifically "homosexual", although it had earlier acquired sexual connotations.^[1]

The derived abstract noun gaiety remains largely free of sexual connotations and has, in the past, been used in the names of places of entertainment; for example W.B. Yeats heard Oscar Wilde lecture at the Gaiety Theatre in Dublin.^[8]

Sexualization

me to be used as an adjective, and as a noun, referring to the people, especially to gay males, and the practices and cultures associated with homosexuality. By the end of the 20th century, the word gay was recommended by major LGBT groups and style guides to describe people attracted to members of the same sex.^[2][3]

At about the same time, a new, pejorative use became prevalent in some parts of the world. Among younger speakers, the word has a meaning ranging from derision (e.g., equivalent to rubbish or stupid) to a light-hearted mockery or ridicule (e.g., equivalent to weak, unmanly, or lame). In this use, the word rarely means "homosexual", as it is often used, for example, to refer to an inanimate object or abstract concept of which one disapproves. The extent to which these usages still retain connotations of homosexuality has been debated and harshly criticized.^[4][5]

Contents

 [hide] 

• 1History
  • 1.1Overview
  • 1.2Sexualization
  • 1.3Shift to specifically homosexual
• 2Homosexuality
  • 2.1Sexual orientation, identity, behavior
    • 2.1.1Terminology
  • 2.2Gay community vs. LGBT community
  • 2.3Descriptor
  • 2.4Use as a noun
• 3Generalized pejorative use
• 4Parallels in other languages
• 5See also
• 6References
• 7Further reading
• 8External links

History

Overview

Cartoon from Punch magazine in 1857 illustrating the use of "gay" as a colloquial euphemism for being a prostitute.^[6] One woman says to the other (who looks glum), "How long have you been gay?" The poster on the wall is for La Traviata, an opera about a courtesan.

The word gay arrived in English during the 12th century from Old French gai, most likely deriving ultimately from a Germanic source.^[1] In English, the word's primary meaning was "joyful", "carefree", "bright and showy", and the word was very commonly used with this meaning in speech and literature. For example, the optimistic 1890s are still often referred to as the Gay Nineties. The title of the 1938 French ballet Gaîté Parisienne ("Parisian Gaiety"), which became the 1941 Warner Brothers movie, The Gay Parisian,^[7] also illustrates this connotation. It was apparently not until the 20th century that the word began to be used to mean specifically "homosexual", although it had earlier acquired sexual connotations.^[1]

The derived abstract noun gaiety remains largely free of sexual connotations and has, in the past, been used in the names of places of entertainment; for example W.B. Yeats heard Oscar Wilde lecture at the Gaiety Theatre in Dublin.^[8]

Sexualization

air in the books; although, in the cartoon show, his hair was restricted to thin black lines. He also wears his shirts tucked into his pants and always wears a belt buckle with his pants. He also wears blue pajamas and in one episode he wore a turquoise night shirt and another episode he also wore a tan colored sweater and black pants and wear brown or black slippers.

His casual clothing consists of a cream-colored T-shirt and faded blue jeans. For formal occasions, Mr. Ratburn wears a charcoal or black Tuxedo jacket with a white Tuxedo shirt black bow tie and charcoal or black Tuxedo trousers.

When outdoors for something like fossil-hunting, Mr. Ratburn wears a dark brown hat with a yellow line on the bottom of the tip of the hat going all around the tip. He also wears a very light yellow or beige shirt a dark blue scarf tucked into the shirt.

There is also a short-sleeved beige jacket with two pockets one on each side of the jacket and two shoulder straps one on each side of the jacket. He also wears blue shorts very light yellow or beige socks and light brown boots. He always carries a briefcase with him to class.

Personality

He tends to give out a lot of homework to the kids in his class. Sometimes he assigns two research projects in the same week.

Because of these tendencies, he's considered the strictest teacher at Lakewood Elementary School often.

And yet, many of Arthur and his friends find out he's not as bad as they first thought after he explains about organization, self-discipline and how they can do their homework in time for things they like to do. Although the Brain seems to have no problem with him, Buster has the strongest dislike for homework. But even though Mr. Ratburn is calm and cool, he cackles uncontrollably in the dream sequences that the other characters have involving him.

Mr. Ratburn is often friendly, helpful and good-natured, rarely showing any hint of malice and has shown that he truly cares about his students time and time again. Mr. Ratburn takes his role as a teacher seriously and often tries to mentor his students, occasionally in non-academic fields. When Mr. Ratburn's roof collapsed, Mr. Ratburn went to stay with the Read family, showing a more laid back, jovial side to him.

He struggles with modern technology at times, such as computers, though finally became acclimated to a tablet device called the BoysenBerry.

In other media

In the Living Books computer games, he came out in Arthur's Teacher Trouble, even though there's a shadow look-alike of him walking outside while Arthur and Jane are out shopping for party supplies in Arthur's Birthday. He was voiced by David Kessler before the cartoon show replaced him with Arthur Holden.

In the later computer games (such as Arthur's Thinking Games), Mr. Ratburn's appearance was the same as he looked in the cartoon show.

Students

See Nigel Ratburn's class.

Jobs

Mr. Ratburn has numerous jobs. In "Arthur and the Real Mr. Ratburn", it's revealed that Mr. Ratburn's a teacher, a basketball coach, and works on the school newspaper. In his spare time, he administers puppet shows that are popular among young kids. In "The Short, Quick Summer," Mr. Ratburn got a summer job at Jack's Joke Shop, where he worked as a cashier and helped Sue Ellen learn a card game magic trick.

Trivia

• Outside of school, Mr. Ratburn is shown to enjoy many jovial pursuits, such as magic, puppeteering, and camping.
• The car that Mr. Ratburn drives is a red roadster convertible.
• Mr. Ratburn is a fanatic of Spooky Poo, a play on the Hanna-Barbera-based Scooby-Doo show.
• A running gag is Mr. Ratburn knowing nothing about computers or the Internet.
• Another running gag is his love (almost obsession) of desserts, especially for cake.
• In For the Birds, Mr. Ratburn mentions that bird watching has been a favorite past time of his since he was a child.
• In "Cents-less”, Mr. Ratburn is shown feeding two goldfish, whom he calls Vladimir and Estragon. It would seem that Mr. Ratburn has named his pets in honor of two characters from Samuel Beckett's Waiting for Godot.
• For the first few seasons, he has brown skin then changed to orange in the next few seasons and back to brown in season sixteen and seventeen.
• It is revealed in Arthur's Baby, he knew how to write multiplication sentences at age 1 (or possibly 2).
• He went to high school at the same time as David Read and Mr. Haney.
• He may or may not be part Native American (specifically Cheyenne).
• He is part of a rock band called "The Lost Teachers", as seen in Lend Me Your Ear. He has become hard of hearing due to not having initially worn ear protection when practicing.

Appearances

• Specials
  • Arthur's Perfect Christmas
  • Arthur - It's Only Rock 'n' Roll
  • D.W. and the Beastly Birthday
• Season 1
  • Francine's Bad Hair Day 10102
  • Arthur and the Real Mr. Ratburn 10201
  • Arthur's Spelling Trubble 10202
  • Buster's Dino Dilemma 10302
  • Arthur Accused! 10602
  • Buster Makes the Grade 10702
  • Arthur's Almost Boring Day 12001
  • My Dad, the Garbage Man 12601
  • Arthur's Substitute Teacher Trouble 12702
  • I'm a Poet 12801
• Season 5
  • The Lousy Week 50501
  • You Are Arthur 50502
• Season 8
  • Bugged 80302
  • Desk Wars 80701
  • Muffy's Art Attack 80801
• Season 9
  • Castles in the Sky 90101
  • Tipping the Scales (Cameo) 90102
  • George Blows His Top 90202
  • Arthur Weighs In 90301
  • The Law of the Jungle Gym 90302
  • Buster's Green Thumb 90401
  • All Worked Up 90502
  • A is for Angry 90702
  • The "A" Team 90801
  • D.W. Beats All 90901
  • Breezy Listening Blues 91002
• Season 10
  • Happy Anniversary 1001
  • Desert Island Dish 100301
  • Family Fortune 100402
  • D.W., Bossy Boots (prologue) 100702
  • Do You Speak George? 100901
  • What's Cooking? 101001
  • Buster's Special Delivery 101002
• Season 11
  • Germophobia 110102
  • Phony Fern 110401
  • Brain's Shocking Secret 110402
  • Dancing Fools (cameo) 110602
  • Mr. Alwaysright 110702
  • Francine's Pilfered Paper 110801
• Season 12
  • Is That Kosher? (Cameo) 120101
  • The Chronicles of Buster 120501
  • Do You Believe in Magic? 120902
  • The Perfect Game 121001
• Season 13
  • The Great MacGrady 1301
  • MacFrensky 130401
  • No Acting, Please 130501
• Season 14
  • The Buster Report 140102
  • Muffy and the Big Bad Blog 140702
  • All the Rage 140802
  • The Long Road Home 141002
• Season 15
  • Fifteen 150101
  • I Wanna Hold Your Hand 150201
  • Cents-less 150401
  • Buster the Lounge Lizard 150402
  • S.W.E.A.T. 150502
  • Prunella the Packrat 150701
  • What's in a Name? 150702
  • Muffy's Classy Classics Club (Cameo) 150801
  • Through the Looking Glasses 150902
  • The Butler Did... What? 151001
  • The Trouble with Trophies 151002
• Season 20
  • Buster's Second Chance 200101
  • Lend Me Your Ear 200501
  • Ladonna's Like List 200702

Gallery

The full image gallery for Nigel Ratburn may be viewed at Nigel Ratburn/Gallery.